1. Philips Research UML Modeling and XML Representation of DICOM SR Jingkun Hu, KP Lee, Doug Sluis, Alfredo Tirado-Ramos June 8, 2001

2. Philips Research Outline n Why UML modeling n Modeling processes n Why XML n XML DTD n SR XML documents and their validation n Conclusions

3. Philips Research Why UML Modeling n Help to understand DICOM SR information model n Bridge from DICOM to non-DICOM world, e. g., HL7 CDA. n Bridge from entity-relationship (E-R) tables to XML DTDs or schemas

4. Philips Research UML Modeling Processes n DICOM IOD is mapped to class n Each IE is mapped to a class n Each Module is mapped to a class n Each Macro is mapped to a class n All attributes, Macros, and sequences under a sequence are mapped to the members of a class.

5. Philips Research UML Modeling Processes (Cont) n Naming rules for a class –Capitalize the first letter of a single word –Remove the white space n Naming rules for an attribute –change all the upper case letters to lower case –replace the blank space between two words with an underscore –remove apostrophes and brackets –replace hyphen (-) and slash (/ or \) with an underscore.

6. Philips Research UML Modeling Processes (Cont) n Usage –M (mandatory) : required –U (user defined) : optional n Type –Type 1 and type 2 : required –Type 1C, Type 2C, and Type 3: optional

7. Philips Research UML Modeling Processes (Cont) n VRs (value representation)

8. Philips Research Modeling Results n Comprehensive SR IOD –Patient IE –Study IE –Series IE –Equipment IE –Document IE n Complete Model for Comprehensive SR IOD Complete Model for Comprehensive SR IOD

9. Philips Research Limitations Cannot represent: –Conditions –Tag information: e. g., tag, VR –Rich DICOM VRs: different types of string –The number of items within a sequence

10. Philips Research Why XML n Web browser is the most popular viewer n XML is web supported n XML defines a universal exchange format

11. Philips Research XML DTD for DICOM SR n Generate automatically with XML toolkit –It is almost unreadable n Generate manually with XML Authority toolkit together with the UML model n Added detailed DICOM tag information, e.g., tag, type, and meaning, as attributes

12. Philips Research SR XML DTD n The complete SR XML DTD The complete SR XML DTD n A sample SR XML document based on this DTD and content of an SR specification n Document validation Document validation

13. Philips Research Limitations n Cannot represent attribute information such as tag, usage, value representation n Cannot represent constraints conditions n Demonstration What’s the solution to it? An answer is XML Schema

14. Philips Research SR XML Schema n Work in Progress –SR XML schemasSR XML schemas –Automatic generation of Schema from Spec.

15. Philips Research Conclusions n SR UML class models ease understanding of DICOM SR n SR XML DTDs can represent DICOM SR structure clearly n DTD cannot represent rich DICOM VRs and constraints n Current approach: XML Schemas

16. Philips Research Q & A Thank you!