1. Romans’ Themes  Total Depravity – hamartiology—contra Total (image)  What’s the problem with “Total Depravity”? Rom 3:9  Gentiles sinful – Rom. 1  Jews sinful (Rom 2): Jews as foil to Christians? sin/grace; law/faith/works; flesh/Spirit  All sinful - Rom. 3:23 All have sinned …  Rom 1:16f Major theme—new way not human need/sufficiency, movement beyond Judaism  How do you get rid of sin: repent /confess/ forgive or hide/rationalize/accept/defend/advocate

2. Justification by Faith – sola Fidei  Is sola Fidei a man made doctrine made up by Martin Luther? –Rom 1:16; 5:1; 10:8-9; Gal. 2:16  Ephesians 2:8-9: For it is by grace you have been saved, through faith—and this not from yourselves, it is the gift of God—not by works, so that no one can boast.

3. Soteriology Terminology  Justification, 5:1 –legal term (regeneration)  Redemption, 1 Pet. 1:18f—debt term  Atonement, 3:25—covering, substitutionary, 5:8  Propitiation, 1:18—appease wrath  Expiation; 1 Jn. 2:2--cleanse  Reconciliation 5:10; 2 Cor 5:18ff--enemies  Adoption: Rom 8:18ff—family term  Sole fidei? cf. James 2:24, 1 Jn. 3:9; Mt 25

4. Sanctification  Is perfection possible? Mat 5:28 be perfect.  Paul’s struggle – Rom 7:21ff  Four approaches  Unbeliever’s struggle—pre-Christ days  Young believer’s struggle  Struggle in the flesh outside the Spirit  Mature believer’s struggle—Normal Xn life

5. Election – Predestination  Election  Rom 8:28-29  Eph. 1:4  Rom 9:11 Jacob/Esau; Jer 1:5; 1 Pet 1:2  Problems (see below)—Puritan terror: am I chosen?  Human choice and divine election?  Calvinistic Hard determinism—Reformed position  All divine  problems --whosoever will passages  Oxymoron/Antinomy/paradox –

6. TULIP Calvinism  TULIP  T otal Depravity –image of God in people  U nconditional Election: predestination based in divine choice, nothing in us -- whosoever believes  L imited Atonement: Christ died for the elect, 1 Jn 2:2  I rresistible Grace: God irresistibly calls the elect- Choice  P erseverance of the Saints—eternal security; once saved always saved; --fall away? Solomon, Israelites

7. Election – Predestination cont.  Arminianism – foreknowledge  predestination, prevenient grace open to all versus irresistible grace.  Election/Rejection of Israel not individualized in Rom 8-11

8. Revelation

9. Background  Genre – Apocalyptic, Letter, Prophecy  Political cartoon metaphor  5 features of Apocalyptic: SAVED  Symbolism, pictorial language  Angels, heavenly messenger mediated  Visions, dreams  End of all things—cosmic in scope  Dualism: good/evil; light/darkness  Authorship – John – Rev. 1:1

10. Interpretative Approaches to Revelation  Preteristic View –1 st century focus  Description/definition  Advantages  Disadvantages  Idealist View – conceptual of all times  Description/definition  Advantages  Disadvantages

11. Interpretative Approaches to Revelation  Historical View – through church history  Description/definition  Advantages  Disadvantages  Futuristic View – end times focus  Description/definition  Advantages  Disadvantages  The truth on Revelation

12. Premillennial Time Line Church Age 2000 + years Millennium 1000 years Eternal State: New Jerusalem Christ’s coming: Rapture? Pre-, Mid-, Post-Trib Tribulation 7 years

13. 7 Churches (Rev 2-3) structure  Approaches: Historical 1 st century, Progressive Church History, Omni- temporal/spiritual/typical  Pattern  Vision of Christ  Commendation  Condemnation  Advice  Curse & blessing  Example – Ephesus, Laodicea-3:16

14. Bouncing through 4-19  7 Seals, 7 Trumpet, 7 Bowl judgments  Sequential  Overlapping  Simultaneous  Future through the eyes of first century imagery

15. Millennium  Rev 20  Pre-millennial: Christ returns, sets up 1000 reign on earth, Satan bound  Amillennial: reign of Christ = Church  Post-millennial: World gets better and better until the reign of God comes naturally at the very end

16. The End  Rev. 21:3-4 Emmanuel, together forever  Rev 21:22-24 no temple  Rev. 22:12-13 Christ’s coming  John’s awareness he is writing Scripture 22:18f canonical formula (cf. Deut. 4:2)

17. Message of Revelation  God is in control of the future  Satan counterfeits and looses  Right triumphs in the end after a long period of chaos  Behold the lamb of God who takes away:  Gen. 3, Abraham, David, Child, Servant, birth, life, death, resurrection and coming  There are no more tears in heaven 21:3f