1. Gasifier and Biochar Fuels and Feedstocks

2. Selection Wood/bamboo – Chips – Sticks – Sawdust Shells/pods/nuts/seeds Citrus peels

3. Processing Chopping, chipping, breaking, grinding Sifting/sorting/sizing pelletizing

4. Drying Sun drying Solar drying Flue gas drying Hot air drying

5. Sun/Air drying Direct drying on surfaces in direct sunlight – Disadvantages Slower Prone to rain and dew rewetting unless covered More labor intensive – Advantages Cheap

6. Solar drying Drying with sun in enclosed/covered apparatus Advantages faster less labor protection from rewetting Disadvantages more expensive more complicated

7. Simple solar tent dryer 2x6 frame, ½ hardware cloth bottom, 2x3, 2x4 frame greenhouse plastic tent top

8. Flue gas dryer Pass the hot combustion gasses directly through the wet fuel – Advantages Simpler than indirect Cheaper than indirect – Disadvantages Requires high heat materials Risk of ignition

9. Flue gas dryers Rotary drum of expanded/perforated steel Trays/drawers in frame Multi level “fountain” in steel drum

10. Indirect (heat exchanger) dryers Counterflow air heater Shell and tube air heater blow hot air into: stacked trays Rotary drum

11. Storage Dry Ventilated Protected from rain Containers off the ground