2. Leaf Collection 7 th grade Science Plants

3. Objective Collect and identify Collect and identify different leaves of Mississippi different leaves of Mississippi

4. Identifying Trees The first step in tree identification is knowing that there are always distinguishing characteristics that separate one tree species from another. The first step in tree identification is knowing that there are always distinguishing characteristics that separate one tree species from another.

5. What do I look at? TREE TYPE -- Deciduous or Conifer? Tree or a shrub? Determining these things starts you off on your way to tree identification. TREE TYPE -- Deciduous or Conifer? Tree or a shrub? Determining these things starts you off on your way to tree identification. TREE TYPE TREE TYPE LEAF -- Leaves are often the easiest way to identify most trees. Are the leaves arranged in an opposite or alternate pattern? LEAF -- Leaves are often the easiest way to identify most trees. Are the leaves arranged in an opposite or alternate pattern? LEAF BARK -- Bark can be helpful for identifying some types of trees. BARK -- Bark can be helpful for identifying some types of trees. BARK FRUIT -- The wide variety of fruit shapes makes them useful when identifying trees. FRUIT -- The wide variety of fruit shapes makes them useful when identifying trees. FRUIT TWIG -- You can actually tell a lot just by looking at the twig. TWIG -- You can actually tell a lot just by looking at the twig. TWIG FORM -- The way a tree grows can tell you a great deal about a tree. FORM -- The way a tree grows can tell you a great deal about a tree. FORM

6. Deciduous or Coniferous? Coniferous Deciduous

7. Deciduous & Coniferous Deciduous trees lose their leaves before the cold or dry season. Before the leaves fall off they often turn orange, red, or yellow. But, new leaves will appear again in the spring. Deciduous trees also always have some type of a fruit or pod holding the seed. Deciduous trees lose their leaves before the cold or dry season. Before the leaves fall off they often turn orange, red, or yellow. But, new leaves will appear again in the spring. Deciduous trees also always have some type of a fruit or pod holding the seed. Coniferous trees have small and waxy leaves, usually called needles. Most conifers keep their leaves all year long. The seed in conifers are usually found in a cone of some sort. Scientists refers to the seed of conifers as “naked seeds” because they are not enclosed in anything. Coniferous trees have small and waxy leaves, usually called needles. Most conifers keep their leaves all year long. The seed in conifers are usually found in a cone of some sort. Scientists refers to the seed of conifers as “naked seeds” because they are not enclosed in anything.

8. Coniferous Step 1 After you have decided if your tree is a conifer the next step is to look at the leaves (needles). After you have decided if your tree is a conifer the next step is to look at the leaves (needles). Needle shaped or Not needle shaped Needle shaped or Not needle shaped White Cedar Spruce

9. Coniferous Step 2 If the leaves are scaly (not needle shaped) you have identified a cedar. If the leaves are scaly (not needle shaped) you have identified a cedar. If the leaves are needle shaped you have to determine if they are single, grouped, or clustered. If the leaves are needle shaped you have to determine if they are single, grouped, or clustered.

10. Coniferous Step 3 Single needles means you have a spruce, fir, or hemlock! Single needles means you have a spruce, fir, or hemlock! Flat needles or Angled needles Flat needles or Angled needles Spruce Fir

11. Coniferous Step 4 Grouped needles are Pine trees! Grouped needles are Pine trees!

12. Coniferous Step 5 Clustered needles are the conifers that lose their leaves during the cold and dry months. Tamaracks and larches are good examples of deciduous conifers. Clustered needles are the conifers that lose their leaves during the cold and dry months. Tamaracks and larches are good examples of deciduous conifers. Clustered Needles Tamaracks and a spruce during the fall

13. Deciduous Step 1 Look at the branching next: Look at the branching next: Alternate or Opposite Alternate or Opposite

14. Deciduous Step 2 Now you have to decide if you have a simple or compound leaf. Now you have to decide if you have a simple or compound leaf. Simple Leaves or Compound Leaves

15. Deciduous Step 3 Next you need to look at the leaf’s veins. Next you need to look at the leaf’s veins. Palmate Veins or Pinnate Veins

16. Deciduous Step 4 Now determine if your leaves are lobed or not lobed. Now determine if your leaves are lobed or not lobed. Lobed or Not Lobed Lobed or Not Lobed

17. Deciduous Step 5 By now you may already have your leaf identified. If not you will need to keep going. The next few slides will point out some other unique characteristics of trees and leaves that make them easy to identify. By now you may already have your leaf identified. If not you will need to keep going. The next few slides will point out some other unique characteristics of trees and leaves that make them easy to identify. Unique Tree Here are some ginkgo leaves. They look like they would be deciduous but they are actually classified as a type of gymnosperm. Does anyone one know why that may be?

18. Deciduous Step 6 Are there thorns present? Are there thorns present? Hawthorn Tree

19. Deciduous Step 7 Is your leaf toothed or smooth? Is your leaf toothed or smooth? Toothed or Smooth

20. Deciduous Step 8 What does the base of your leaf look like? What does the base of your leaf look like? Flat Uneven Heart Cottonwood Elm Basswood

21. Deciduous Step 9 Does the tree have a unique type of bark? Does the tree have a unique type of bark? Paper Birch Shagbark Hickory

22. Deciduous Step 10 Sometimes deciduous leaves are very narrow. Sometimes deciduous leaves are very narrow. Willows Russian-Olive

23. Time to Review Directions: Directions: 1. Read the questions carefully 2. Select the best answer and click on it to see if you are correct or not. 3. After you have answered the question click on the button in the bottom right corner to take you to the next screen.

24. Review 1 Coniferous Deciduous Are these coniferous or deciduous trees?

25. Excellent You have been listening! Next Screen

26. Incorrect So now you should know the answer was deciduous. Deciduous trees have the broad leaves that will fall off during winter. Next Screen

27. What type of trees hold their seeds in a cone of some sort? Coniferous Or Deciduous Review 2

28. Great Job You are getting this! Next Screen

29. Incorrect Deciduous trees hold their seeds in some sort of a fruit or pod. Conifers have their seeds in a cone. Next Screen

30. Review 3 What type of needles do Pine trees have? What type of needles do Pine trees have? Clustered Needles Clustered Needles Grouped Needles Grouped Needles Single Needles Single Needles

31. Correct Pines always have grouped needles! Next Screen

32. Sorry Try Again Next Screen

33. Sorry Try Again Next Screen

34. Review 4 What type of needles do Spruce trees have? What type of needles do Spruce trees have? Clustered Needles Clustered Needles Grouped Needles Grouped Needles Single Needles Single Needles

35. Correct Spruce trees all have single needles. Next Screen

36. Sorry Try Again Next Screen

37. Sorry Try Again Next Screen

38. Review 5 Single needles are going to be flat or angled. What is the picture below showing? Single needles are going to be flat or angled. What is the picture below showing? Flat Angled

39. Correct The picture was showing needles from a hemlock. Hemlocks are easy to recognize with their short flat needles. Next Screen

40. Incorrect The picture was showing needles from a hemlock. Hemlocks are easy to recognize with their short flat needles. Next Screen

41. Review 6 What type of branching is the picture showing? What type of branching is the picture showing? Alternate Opposite

42. Correct Good job listening! Next Screen

43. Incorrect The picture was showing you opposite branching. Next Screen

44. Review 7 Are these simple or compound leaves? Are these simple or compound leaves? Compound Simple

45. Correct The compound leaves on the left were from a black walnut and the leaves on the right were from a shagbark hickory. Next Screen

46. Incorrect Simple leaves only have one leaf connected to the stem. Compound leaves as you can see have many leaves connected to the one stem. Next Screen

47. Review 8 What type of veins do these leaves have? What type of veins do these leaves have? Pinnate VeinsPalmate Veins

48. Correct Maple and Oak leaves always have palmate veins. Next Screen

49. Incorrect Pinnate veins look like this: Next Screen

50. Review 9 Are these leaves lobed or not lobed? Are these leaves lobed or not lobed? Lobed Not lobed

51. Correct Elm leaves are not lobed. Next Screen

52. Incorrect These are what lobed leaves look like: Next Screen

53. Review 10 Do these leave have a toothed or smooth edge? Do these leave have a toothed or smooth edge? Smooth Toothed

54. Correct All done reviewing! Next Slide

55. Sorry Toothed leaves would look like this: Next Slide

56. Good Luck Now you are prepared to collect and identify your leaves. It will be lots of fun learning about the world around you!!! Now you are prepared to collect and identify your leaves. It will be lots of fun learning about the world around you!!!