1. The Culture of the Early Filipinos
CIVICS
Lesson 2

2. Community and Home Population Where do they live?
Composed of 50 to 20,000 people
Where do they live?
Near bodies of water like bays, lakes, rivers and seas
Others live in the plains and forest
Others did not stay in one place, they travelled from one place to another in order to find food. they are called nomads.

3. Clothing and Accessories
Livelihood
Their means of livelihood is kaingin.
Kaingin is burning the trees and plants in a particular place in order to clean the area. Afterwhich, they would till the land and plant crops.
Clothing and Accessories
What women wear?
long dresses
long skirts
What men wear?
shirts without collar
pants
headwear called putong

4. Education Footwear: Other accessories What was the native alphabet?
only the rich wear footwear
Other accessories
gold in their teeth
tattoos on their faces, bodies and arms to symbolize bravery, honor and beauty
Education
What was the native alphabet?
alibata
What fathers taught to this sons?
means of livelihood

5. What mothers taught to her daughters?
household chores
What parents prepare their children?
to become good husbands and wives

6. Literature, Arts and Science
songs
were always present in celebrations
examples:
diyuna - song for celebration
uyayi or hele - lullaby
talindaw - when going boating
ihiman - wedding
tigpasin - rowing
tagulalay or umbay - songs for the dead
kumintang - battle song
dipayunin and hilaraw - street song

7. literature sayings (kasabihan) proverbs (salawikain) riddles (bugtong)
were created based on experiences of the old
proverbs (salawikain)
riddles (bugtong)
were thought-provoking statements about certain things and whoever is asked is expected to give an answer
legends (alamat)
were stories about the origin of certain objects, places and the like

8. play (dula) epics revolved around bravery, war and love
are long stories written in poetic form about the outstanding achievements of local heroes
talks about heroism and bravery
examples:
hudhud and alim - ifugao
biag ni lam-ang - ilocanos
ibalon- bicolano
bantugan - maranaw
indorapatra and sulayman -maguindanao

9. Arts Science painting, carpentry works and sculpture
They put designs on their furniture and armors
The art is called okir-a datu or okir
The foremost design of okir is the sarimanok
Sarimanok is a symbol that represents the muslim (maharlikas and common people)
body tattoos and wearing accessories are among the oldest form of art
Science
astrology and irrigation
engineering (banaue rice terraces)
mummification (preservation of the dead)

10. Music and Dance Instruments Dances kudyapi - old philippine guitar
gangsa and alapang kawayan - bamboo harp
byoling kawayan - bamboo violin with abaka strings
kalintang, bansik and kaleleng
Dances
balitaw
kumintang
dandansoy
subli
itik-itik
maglalatik
tinikling
singkil

11. Filipino Family
The most important unit in the early Philippine society
Composed of father, mother and children
The father was the head, provider and protector
The mother had the responsibility of guiding and caring for the family

12. Marriage Paninilbihan was a part of the process of courtship
the man would chop woods
provide water
fix fences
Dowry (bigay-kaya)
was given by the man to the woman
meant to be used for the couple in starting a family
example:
land
jewellery
money

13. Mourning and Burial Ceremonies
Placing the bones of the dead inside an urn or gusi
the lid of the urn signified the dead's status in life or his/her gender
Buried the dead in caves or in the forest
their favorite things, jewelry or clothes were buried together with the dead
if a datu passed away, his slave would be buried with him
Colors
white - mourning color
larao - used for datu
morotal - used for woman
maglahi - ordinary man

14. Q&A A play form of literature that describes bravery, war and love
dula
Common decoration in the teeth to our early Filipinos
gold
Dowry for the bride
Bigay-kaya
Used if the person who died was a datu
Larao
An example of native dances
dandansoy
Headwear of men
putong

15. Q&A
Native alphabet
alibata
A stories about the origin of certain objects, places and the like.
alamat
Used if the person who died was an ordinary man
maglahi
A very important part to every ceremonies and celebrations
sayaw
A part of the process in courtship
paninilbihan

16. Q&A Foremost design of okir
sarimanok
This was done by burning trees and plants in a particular place in order to clean the area
kaingin
They traveled from one place to another in order to find food
nomads
It was made of bamboo and built on top of a tree
Bahay-kubo

17. Q&A Explain the practices observed by the Filipinos as regards to:
Marriage
The boy needs to do the paninilbihan like to chop wood, provide water, fix fences and other things that would definitely show his service to the girl’s family.
Mourning & Burial
Place the bones of the dead inside the urn or gusi to signify the dead’s status in life or his/her gender.