1. 1 Three classes of muscle in humans Skeletal muscle __________ X Cardiac muscle __________ X Smooth muscle __________ X _______________________________ Chapter 12 Muscular System

2. Fig. 12.2 2 What is a fascicle? Where is connective tissue found? How is a tendon formed? What are bursa, and what is their function? What is the origin of a muscle? What is the insertion? What is meant by prime mover? What is/are synergists?

3. Fig. 12.3 3 Why do muscles pull, but not push? What is an antagonist? Give an example of two muscles that are antagonistic:

4. Fig. 12.5 4

5. Table 12.1 5 A muscle fiber is a cell, but its organelles have special names: Label the muscle fiber on the next page.

6. Page 284 6 Label the name and function of each structure:

7. Fig. 12.8a 7 Neuromuscular junction Watch the video (link on website) and summarize what is happening at each stage: ______________________ ______________________ ______________________

8. 8 ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________

9. Fig. 12.8b 9

10. Page 282 10 Draw arrows to show muscle contraction. Draw triangles where ATP is split into ADP + P Which mineral ion is necessary for muscle contraction?

11. 11 What is a muscle twitch? Define / explain each term as part a muscle twitch:

12. Fig. 12.10 12 Title: ___________________________ What are the four possible energy sources for muscle? Summarize how use of each energy source changes as length of submaximal exercise prolongs:

13. Fig. 12.11 13 Pro(s): Con(s): Title: Pro(s): Con(s): Pro(s): Con(s):

14. 14 Contrast Slow-twitch and Fast-twitch muscle fibers: Slow-TwitchFast-Twitch aerobic or anaerobic fibers per unit mitochondria myoglobin useful for power fatigue

15. Fig. 12.13 15