2. LEARN TO READ THE BIBLE EFFECTIVELY Presenters: Ken Sommerville Jeff Gelineau

3. LEARN TO READ THE BIBLE EFFECTIVELY Session 5 The Role of Prophesy Overview of Books (5) Bible Study Tools

4. Using Cross References Conclusions: Christ had freedom to choose the ‘piercing’ or not He chose to be sacrificed because he loved God The sacrifice demonstrated lifelong service to God Doorway to God’s house = Cross of Christ “a body you have prepared me” = “my ear you have pierced”

5. Different Versions LiteralDynamic EquivalenceParaphrase Interlinear NASB KJV NKJV ESV NIV TEV LB Word-for-WordThought-for-ThoughtParaphrase

6. HoseaJoelAmosObadiahJonahMicahNahumHabakkukZephaniahHaggaiZechariahMalachi The Prophets: Isaiah to Malachi IsaiahJeremiahEzekielDanielIsaiahJeremiahEzekielDaniel

7. Antichrist 1. Someone in John's day (60-90 AD) 2. Group of people who "opposed" Christ 3. These people claimed to be "Christian", but broke off from those who followed Apostolic Christianity 4. Recognizable by their distinctive teaching, the denial that Jesus is the Christ, and that he was a human being like you and me 1. Someone in John's day (60-90 AD) 2. Group of people who "opposed" Christ 3. These people claimed to be "Christian", but broke off from those who followed Apostolic Christianity 4. Recognizable by their distinctive teaching, the denial that Jesus is the Christ, and that he was a human being like you and me

8. THE ROLE OF PROPHECY (Section 16, pg. 63 in Notes)

9. The Purpose of Prophecy  Forthtelling = Speaking God’s Word to teach, encourage, reprove  Foretelling = Foretelling future events  Forthtelling  Forthtelling = Speaking God’s Word to teach, encourage, reprove  Foretelling  Foretelling = Foretelling future events

10. Isaiah 45:21-22 Who has declared this from ancient times? Who has told it from that time? Have not I, the LORD? And there is no other God beside me, a just God and Savior; There is none beside me. Look to me, and be saved, all you ends of the earth! For I am God and there is no other. Who has declared this from ancient times? Who has told it from that time? Have not I, the LORD? And there is no other God beside me, a just God and Savior; There is none beside me. Look to me, and be saved, all you ends of the earth! For I am God and there is no other.

11. Bible Prophecy FAITH

12. The Subjects of Prophecy Present your case, says the LORD, bring forth your strong reasons... Show the things that are to come hereafter, that we may know that you are gods; yes, do good or do evil, that we may be dismayed and see it together... But you, Israel, are my servant, Jacob, whom I have chosen, the descendant of Abraham my friend... You are my witnesses, says the LORD, and my servant whom I have chosen, that you may know and believe me, and understand that I am He... I, even I, am the LORD, and besides me there is no savior… Therefore you are my witnesses, says the LORD, that I am God. Present your case, says the LORD, bring forth your strong reasons... Show the things that are to come hereafter, that we may know that you are gods; yes, do good or do evil, that we may be dismayed and see it together... But you, Israel, are my servant, Jacob, whom I have chosen, the descendant of Abraham my friend... You are my witnesses, says the LORD, and my servant whom I have chosen, that you may know and believe me, and understand that I am He... I, even I, am the LORD, and besides me there is no savior… Therefore you are my witnesses, says the LORD, that I am God. Isaiah 41:21-23, 8; 43:10-12

13. Keys for Understanding Prophecy +Observe whether prophecy is forthtelling or foretelling. +Note exactly to whom or to what the prophecy refers. +Analyze the prophecy in terms of history, context, and literal meaning. +Distinguish between direct and symbolic predictions. +Determine how original readers would have made sense of any figurative language or imagery. +Observe whether prophecy is forthtelling or foretelling. +Note exactly to whom or to what the prophecy refers. +Analyze the prophecy in terms of history, context, and literal meaning. +Distinguish between direct and symbolic predictions. +Determine how original readers would have made sense of any figurative language or imagery.

14. Daniel 2: A Symbolic Prophecy Babylon - Nebuchadnezzar’s Great City

16. Gold Silver Brass Iron Iron & Clay

17. Gold Silver Brass Iron Iron & Clay

18. Gold Silver Brass Iron Iron & Clay

19. DANIEL 2:36-44

20. Babylon: v.37-38 Medo-Persia: v.39a Greece: v.39b Rome: v.40 God’s King: v.44 Fragments of Roman Empire mixed with Others: v.41-43 DANIEL 2:36-44 decreasing value increasing hardness Isaiah 2:1-4; 11:1-9; 65:17-25 monarchy to confederacy

21. Babylon: v.37-38 Medo-Persia: v.39a Greece: v.39b Rome: v.40 God’s King: v.44 Fragments of Roman Empire + Others: v.41-43 DANIEL 2:36-44 Is this forthtelling or foretelling? What is so important about these four empires? (v.39) Fulfillment of prophecy in history? Literal or symbolic? How would original reader have interpreted the symbols?

22. Babylon: v.37-38 Medo-Persia: v.39a Greece: v.39b Rome: v.40 God’s King: v.44 Fragments of Roman Empire + Others: v.41-43 DANIEL 2:36-44 Something remarkable... Why are there only four “world” empires? Not until this century have the conditions existed for a fifth and final power to dominate the land of Israel. Western European Eastern Arab Muslims +

23. BREAK TIME...

24. OVERVIEW OF THE BIBLE: Part 5 JESUS CHRIST (Section 17, pg. 69 in Notes)

25. OLD TESTAMENT (39 Books, 75% of Bible) Genesis I KingsEcclesiastes Obadiah ExodusII Kings S. SolomonJonah Leviticus I ChroniclesIsaiah Micah Numbers II ChroniclesJeremiah Nahum Deuteronomy Ezra Lamentations Habakkuk Joshua Nehemiah Ezekiel Zephaniah Judges Esther Daniel Haggai Ruth Job Hosea Zechariah I Samuel Psalms Joel Malachi II Samuel Proverbs Amos NEW TESTAMENT (27 Books, 25% of Bible) MatthewII Corinthians I Timothy II Peter Mark GalatiansII TimothyI John Luke Ephesians TitusII John John Philippians PhilemonIII John Acts Colossians HebrewsJude Romans I Thessalonians James Revelation I CorinthiansII Thessalonians I Peter THE BIBLE (66 Books)

26. Matthew Written by a Jewish tax collector, 1 of the 12 apostles Favors Parables over Miracles (17% to 8%) Mark The shortest Gospel – edited highlights Seems to consider Healing Miracles most important (17%) Luke Luke may have been a Samaritan (Gentile): Only mention of the grateful Samaritan leper, Good Samaritan, good widow of Sarepta (Gentile) & good Syrian (Gentile) commander Naaman Matthew, Mark, Luke = Synoptic Gospels John Also one of the 12 – the “closest” Very different: Only 5 Parables (average 28 in Synoptics) Only 4 Healing Miracles (average 16 in Synoptics) “Written that you may believe Jesus is the Christ” (Jn.20:31) OVERVIEW OF THE GOSPELS: 4 WITNESSES

27. JESUS CHRIST: THE PROPHECIES The Spirit of the LORD will rest on him… He will not judge by what he sees with his eyes, or decide by what he hears with his ears; but with righteousness he will judge the needy, with justice he will give decisions for the poor of the earth. - Isaiah 11:2-4 For to us a child is born, to us a son is given… He will reign on David’s throne… with justice and righteousness from that time on and forever. The zeal of the LORD Almighty will accomplish this. - Isaiah 9:6-7

28. JESUS CHRIST: HIS ROLE Son of God...and lo, a voice from heaven, saying, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.” - Matthew 3:17 Central Character of God’s Plan God, who at various times and in various ways spoke in time past to the fathers by the prophets, has in these last days spoken to us by His Son, whom He has appointed heir of all things... - Hebrews 1:1-2 Living Word of God And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, full of grace and truth; we have beheld his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father. - John 1:14 …and Judgment For the Father judges no one, but has committed all judgment to the Son, that all should honor the Son just as they honor the Father. - John 5:22-23 The Power of Life… For as the Father has life in Himself, so He has granted the Son to have life in himself. - John 5:26

29. Do not lie to one another, since you have put off the old man with his deeds, and have put on the new man who is renewed in knowledge according to the image of Him who created him - Colossians 3:9-10 JESUS CHRIST: A NEW CREATION Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; the old has gone, the new has come! All this is from God, who reconciled us to himself through Christ and gave us the ministry of reconciliation - 2 Corinthians 5:17-18

30. JESUS THE HEALER A GENTLE TOUCH… And all the crowd sought to touch him, for power came forth from him and healed them all. - Luke 6:19 When they came to Jesus, they saw the man who had been possessed by the legion of demons, sitting there, dressed and in his right mind; and they were afraid. - Mark 5:15 That evening after sunset the people brought to Jesus all the sick and demon-possessed. The whole town gathered at the door, and Jesus healed many who had various diseases. - Mark 1:30-34

31. JESUS THE ZEALOT …BUT A FIRM HAND And he went into the temple, and began to cast out them that sold therein, and them that bought; saying unto them, “It is written, My house is the house of prayer: but ye have made it a den of thieves.” - Luke 19:45-46 “Woe to you, blind guides! You say, ‘If anyone swears by the temple, it means nothing; but if anyone swears by the gold of the temple, he is bound by his oath.’ You blind fools! Which is greater: the gold, or the temple that makes the gold sacred?” - Matthew 23:16-17

32. JESUS THE TEACHER ALL THINGS BY PARABLES “This is why I speak to them in parables: Though seeing, they do not see; …and they have closed their eyes. Otherwise they might see with their eyes, hear with their ears, understand with their hearts and turn, and I would heal them.” - Matthew 13:13-15 “He that enters not by the door into the sheepfold, but climbs up some other way, the same is a thief and a robber. But he that enters in by the door is the shepherd of the sheep… This parable spake Jesus unto them: but they understood not... I tell you the truth, I am the gate for the sheep… whoever enters through me will be saved…I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep. ” - John 10:1-11

33. THE LAST SUPPER …and a New Commandment “A new commandment I give to you, that you love one another; even as I have loved you, that you also love one another. By this all men will know that you are my disciples, if you have love for one another.”- Jn 13:34-35 A New Covenant… “Jesus took bread, gave thanks and broke it, and gave it to his disciples, saying, Take and eat; this is my body. Then he took the cup, gave thanks and offered it to them, saying, Drink from it, all of you. This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.” - Matthew 26:26-28

34. CRUCIFIXION So they took Jesus, and he went out, bearing his own cross, to the place called the place of a skull... There they crucified him. - John 19:17-18 When Jesus had received the vinegar, he said, “It is finished;” and he bowed his head and gave up his spirit. - John 19:30 Then Pilate took Jesus and had him flogged. The soldiers twisted together a crown of thorns and put it on his head. They clothed him in a purple robe and went up to him again and again, saying, “Hail, king of the Jews!” And they struck him in the face. - John 19:1-3

35. JESUS: RESURRECTION & LIFE Martha said to Jesus, “Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died…” Jesus said to her, “I am the resurrection and the life; he who believes in me, though he die, yet shall he live…” - John 11:21-25 The angel said to the women, “Do not be afraid, for I know that you are looking for Jesus, who was crucified. He is not here; he has risen, just as he said. Come and see the place where he lay. Then go quickly and tell his disciples: ‘He has risen from the dead and is going ahead of you into Galilee. There you will see him.’ ” - Matthew 28:5-7

36. When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, he will sit on his throne in heavenly glory. All the nations will be gathered before him, and he will separate the people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats. He will put the sheep on his right and the goats on his left. Then the King will say to those on his right, “Come, you who are blessed by my Father; take your inheritance, the kingdom prepared for you since the creation of the world.” - Matthew 25:31-34 JESUS: COMING KING “Men of Galilee,” [the angels] said, “why do you stand here looking into the sky? This same Jesus, who has been taken from you into heaven, will come back in the same way you have seen him go into heaven.” - Acts 1:10-11

37. JESUS: FAITHFUL AND TRUE I saw heaven standing open and there before me was a white horse, whose rider is called Faithful and True. With justice he judges and makes war. His eyes are like blazing fire, and on his head are many crowns. He has a name written on him that no one knows but he himself. He is dressed in a robe dipped in blood, and his name is the Word of God. - Revelation 19:11-13

38. [Jesus] said to [his disciples], “Go into all the world and preach the good news to all creation. Whoever believes and is baptized will be saved, but whoever does not believe will be condemned.” - Mark 16:15-16 THE GREAT COMMISSION

39. You are the salt of the earth. But if the salt loses its saltiness, how can it be made salty again? It is no longer good for anything, except to be thrown out and trampled by men. - Matthew 5:13 You are the light of the world… let your light shine before men, that they may see your good deeds and praise your Father in heaven. - Matthew 5:13

40. What Do We Learn about God? God has a Son! Jesus Christ was not born of a human father, but was created in the womb of Mary by the Spirit of God Everything that we can hope to understand about God can be seen in Jesus Christ God provided Jesus’ life, death & resurrection to provide eternal life for his believers God’s Plan for the World is still unfolding – the next step is that His Son will return to Earth to reign Those who believe and are baptized will be saved and included in that Kingdom

41. BIBLE STUDY TOOLS (Section 18, pg. 69 in Notes)

42. Strong’sYoung’s Gesenius’ OTThayer’s NT LEXICONS ONLINE SERVICES www.blueletterbible.org www.biblegateway.com www.onlinebible.net (free software) Logos Bible Software COMPUTER SOFTWARE Vine’s New Bible Dictionary Unger’s Holman’s DICTIONARIES BIBLE STUDY TOOLS Most common tools: Concordance Dictionary Lexicon Computer Software Online services Englishman’s OT & NT Strong’s Young’s CONCORDANCES

43. “It is written: ‘Man does not live on bread alone, but on every word that comes from the mouth of God.’ [1] ” Verse 4 Jesus answered him, “It is also written: ‘Do not put the Lord your God to the test.’ [2] ” Verse 7 Jesus said to him, “Away from me, Satan! For it is written: ‘Worship the Lord your God, and serve him only.’ [3] ” Verse 10 “If you are the Son of God, he said, throw yourself down. For it is written: ‘He will command his angels concerning you, and they will lift you up in their hands, so that you will not strike your foot against a stone.’ [4] ” Verse 6 TEMPTATION IN THE DESERT [1] Deuteronomy 8:3 [2] Deuteronomy 6:16 [3] Deuteronomy 6:13 [4] Psalm 91:11-12 Notice why: Psalm 91:14 plus 2 John 1:6 Keeping the law in the desert – Deuteronomy 6:6 see also Hebrews 4:15 Matthew 4

44. And they were both naked, the man and his wife, and were not ashamed. - Genesis 2:25 Now the serpent was more cunning than any beast of the field which the LORD God had made. - Genesis 3:1 The snake was able to see the bare facts: Adam and Eve were naked before him and they were not aware of it. Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized they were naked. - Genesis 3:7 ארזם ‘cunning’ 3:1 אזם ‘bare’ ארזם ‘naked’ 2:25 THE SERPENT’S NATURE

45. He frustrates the devices of the crafty, So that their hands cannot carry out their plans. - Job 5:12 The simple believes every word, But the prudent considers well his steps. - Proverbs 14:15 6175. ארזם `aruwm, passive participle of 6191; cunning (usually in a bad sense): crafty, prudent, subtle. Strong’s Concordance Cunning, craftiness or prudence is a good thing if used for good, a bad thing if used for wickedness. "Behold, I send you out as sheep in the midst of wolves. Therefore be wise as serpents and harmless as doves. - Matthew 10:16 THE SERPENT’S NATURE

46. Is it not to share your bread with the hungry, And that you bring to your house the poor who are cast out; When you see the naked, that you cover him, And not hide yourself from your own flesh? Isa. 58:7 6174. ארזם `arowm, from 6191 (in its original sense); nude, either partially or totally: - naked. Strong’s Concordance In the Bible, to be naked is to be vulnerable. It is always a terrible misfortune: the result of foolishness or oppression or judgment. To clothe the naked is an act of kindness. I was a stranger and you did not take me in, naked and you did not clothe me, sick and in prison and you did not visit me. - Matt. 25:43 Lest I strip her naked and expose her, as in the day she was born, And make her like a wilderness, And set her like a dry land, And slay her with thirst. - Hosea 2:3 THE SERPENT’S NATURE

47. Also for Adam and his wife the LORD God made tunics of skin, and clothed them. - Genesis 3:21  Adam and Eve were naked, and did not realize it until too late  Not just physically: they were vulnerable to temptation  The serpent, being crafty, saw their weakness but did nothing to help them  To the contrary, seeing their nakedness he led them into sin  God, even in passing judgment on Adam and Eve, had pity on them and provided clothing  Adam and Eve were naked, and did not realize it until too late  Not just physically: they were vulnerable to temptation  The serpent, being crafty, saw their weakness but did nothing to help them  To the contrary, seeing their nakedness he led them into sin  God, even in passing judgment on Adam and Eve, had pity on them and provided clothing OBSERVATIONS & CONCLUSIONS Behold, I am coming as a thief. Blessed is he who watches, and keeps his garments, lest he walk naked and they see his shame. - Revelation 16:15

48. NEXT WEEK... The Jews, Their Law & Destiny Overview of the Books (6) Bible Terminology (3)