1. Imperialism in Southeast Asia
Chapter 11, Section 5

2. Setting the Stage
Countries rushed to invade Southeast Asia, part of the Pacific Rim
Western nations desired this land because:
Location along sea route to China
Resources (tropical agriculture, minerals and oil)

3. European Powers Invade the Pacific Rim (pg. 363, Map)
Early 1800s – Dutch East India Company established control over 3,000 miles long
British established major trading port at Singapore
French took over Indochina
Germans claimed Marshall Islands, parts of New Guinea and the Solomon Islands

4. Why were these lands so attractive?

5. Dutch Expand Control
1602 – Dutch East India Trading Company was chartered
Seized Malacca from Portuguese
Took control of Java from British and Javanese
Gradually took control of Sumatra, part of Borneo, Celebes, Moluccas and Bali

6. Dutch Expand Control (continued)
Large Dutch population move to Southeast Asia to manage plantations
Created a rigid social system:
Dutch
Wealthy and Educated Indonesians
Plantation Workers
Dutch farmers were forced to plant 1/5th of their land in specified export crops

7. How were the Dutch East India Trading Company and the British East India Trading Company similar?

8. British Take the Malayan Peninsula
British take Malayan Peninsula to compete with Dutch in trading
Opening of Suez Canal (1869) and increased demand for tin and rubber made Singapore one world’s busiest ports
British gained colonies in Malaysia and Burma

9. British Take the Malayan Peninsula (continued)
Malaysia had large deposits of tin and became leading exporter of rubber
Britain encouraged Chinese to immigrate to Malaysia because they needed workers in tin mines and to tap rubber trees
Malays became minority population

10. French Control Indochina (pg. 363, Map)
French active in Southeast Asia since 17th century
1840s – 7 French missionaries are killed
Church leaders demand military intervention
Napoleon III invaded Vietnam
Later added Laos, Cambodia, and Northern Vietnam (French Indochina)

11. French Control Indochina (continued)
Used direct colonial management:
French filled important government positions
Did not encourage local industry
Rice production increased but consumption decreased

12. Colonial Impact POSITIVES NEGATIVES Economies grew based on cash crops
Roads, harbors and railways improved communication & transportation (mostly benefited Europeans)
Education, health and sanitation did not improve
Melting pot of cultures leading to racial and religious clashes.

13. Pg. 363, Map Answer Questions 1 & 2

14. Siam Remains Independent pg. 363-364
How did Siam’s geographic location influence its political decisions?
What values motivated King Mongkut and King Chulalongkorn?
How did the reforms of the Siamese kings help Siam remain independent?

15. U. S. Imperialism in the Pacific Islands
2 groups of Americans in support of imperialism
U.S. empire builders - destined to be a world power
Business interests – new markets and trade possibilities

16. The Philippines Change Hands pg. 364
Did President McKinley support or oppose imperialism? How do you know?
What does the United States promise the Philippine people?
Who is Emilio Aguinaldo? What did he claim?
What were the positive and negative effects of U.S. colonization of the Philippines?

17. Hawaii Becomes a Republic
U.S. interest in Hawaii began around 1790s
Hawaii was on the route to China and East India
1820s – Highly successful American sugar cane plantations
75% of Hawaii’s wealth came from American sugar cane plantations
American sugar cane planters gained political power

18. Hawaii Becomes a Republic (continued)
1890 – McKinley Tariff Act
Eliminated tariffs on all sugar entering the U.S.
Sugar from Hawaii was no longer cheaper
U.S. business leaders pushed for annexation of Hawaii
Sugar could be sold for a greater profit
American producers received an extra 2 cents per pound from U. S. Government

19. Queen Liliuokalani Hawaii’s only queen and last monarch
1893 – called for a constitution that would restore Hawaiian political power
American businessmen overthrew Hawaiian government and removed her from power

20. Sanford B. Dole Wealthy plantation owner and politician
1894 – names president of Republic of Hawaii
1898 – Republic of Hawaii annexed by U.S.

21. Conclusion
Period of imperialism was a time of great power and domination by others
End of 19th Century - all the lands of the world were claimed
20th Century – battles for competing claims would become the focus