1. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd Hydro Technical solutions Ltd BioGenerators for Organic waste treatment

2. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd Waste Treatment Concerns SHE (Safety, Health, Environment) Compliance Odours/Overflows Complaints Costs – Out of Compliance Fines/Reputation – Pump out/Disposal charges – Clearing Line Blockages – Trap/tank/line Maintenance and repairs – Treatment costs/Utility Bills

3. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd Organic Waste Treatment Options Equipment : grease traps, septic tanks, DAF etc Commodity Chemicals Coagulants, Flocculants, Surfactants/Enzymes Bacteria: Dry/Liquid BioGenerators What’s the difference?

4. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd What’s the difference? Chemicals – Caustics/ strong acids/surfactants react with grease to form soluble compounds and generate heat to soften it and move it downstream – Potential Risks to personnel, environment and downstream blockages Enzymes – Organic (protein) molecules that catalyse chemical breakdown of long chains to smaller ones. Each enzyme unique shape to work on one substrate eg Amylase for Starch breakdown to glucose. – Enzymes are NOT alive and so can not reproduce. Risk that long chains will reform downstream and cause blockages. No effect on Phosphates, Nitrates etc. Bacteria – Living cells that reproduce by generating enzymes to break down the long chain waste molecules to shorter forms and then consume the shorter molecules and reduce them to water and CO2. Also consume any Phosphates, Nitrates, Ammonia in waste – No risk of downstream blockages, environmentally friendly BioGenerators – Pre-grow tailored Bacteria in ideal conditions: nutrient, aeration, so huge colonies of fully active Bacteria are dosed automatically – Most effective and economical way to dose Bacteria

5. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd Biological Products are NOT “all the same” Bacteria/other constituents – Physical form: Solids, Liquids – Type and Number of Strains – Concentration/Activity/Shelf life – Nutrient content – Enzymes, surfactants and other chemicals in Blend Cost /Price – Product Price vs Cost in use vs Performance Application Equipment – Pumps/timers – BioGenerators: Grow tailored Bacteria in ideal conditions: nutrient, aeration, so huge colonies of fully active Bacteria are dosed automatically and ready to work immediately !

6. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerator Basics Tailored Bacteria Tailored Nutrient aeration process Incubator Highly active Tailored Bacteria

7. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerator-Bacteria Most commonly Bacillus strains because they can be stored as stable, tough, long shelf life liquids, with Bacteria in Endospore form: Subtillis, Thuringiensis, Licheniformis, Megaterium, Stearothermophilus, Polymyxa, Pumulis Many other Bacteria can be used depending on nature of waste to be degraded including Pseudomonas Putida, Fluorescens, Stutzeri, ThioBacillus, LactoBacillus, Cellulomonas uda and more! Bacteria produce: Natural Surfactant (Surfactin) Wide range of enzymes Lipase: FOG Amylase: Starches Protease: Proteins Cellulase: Paper/Vegetables Ammonease/Reductase : Human/Animal wastes

8. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerator-Nutrient For optimised performance, nutrient must sustain growth, activity and quality of the bacteria Nutrient should include Carbon source: Carbohydrates eg sugar Nitrogen Source: Organic eg Amino acids/Protein Phosphate/Potash/Micronutrients pH regulation

9. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerator-Aeration Bacillus strains are facultative Aerobes, so can cope with low/no oxygen, but grow FAR more effectively when correctly aerated. Pseudomonas strains are obligate Aerobes and must be aerated or will die O2 level should always be >2mg/litre O2 consumption 3-20 ml/litre/min O2 replenishment comes from surface in still solutions and from entrained bubbles in turbulent/circulated solutions

10. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerators-An innovative approach Work WITH any existing treatment equipment Effective – Tailored Bacteria (Active, Robust, long shelf life) – Variable nutrient regime – Aeration Low Capital cost vs other WWT options Low operational cost – Less Bio feed for given Bio activity – Low/No mains power, small/no pumps: can be driven by mains water pressure and battery powered controller – Robust, unique design ensures Minimal maintenance Flexiblility – Waste type, flow rate, surges – Alignment to CIP/cleaning regime

11. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd High Low Effectiveness vs Cost in use Low Effectiveness/Performance Cost in Use Acids/Alkalis Enzymes Liquid Bacteria BioGenerator Solid Bacteria Surfactants Pump outs/Cleaning

12. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerators ALWAYS ALWAYS work... provided conditions allow... pH pH Temperature Temperature Residence time Residence time Food supply Food supply Biocide additions/CIP programme Biocide additions/CIP programme but BioGenerator flexibility ensures quick recovery of activity even if there are temporary excursions but BioGenerator flexibility ensures quick recovery of activity even if there are temporary excursions

13. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerators pH Range (for typical bacteria blend) pH Range (for typical bacteria blend) Ideal 6 to 9 Ideal 6 to 9 Will tolerate 5.5 to 10.5 Will tolerate 5.5 to 10.5 but BioGenerator flexibility ensures quick recovery of activity even if there are temporary excursions but BioGenerator flexibility ensures quick recovery of activity even if there are temporary excursions

14. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerators Temperature Range (for typical bacteria blend) Temperature Range (for typical bacteria blend) Ideal 15 to 35 C Ideal 15 to 35 °C Will tolerate 5 to 50 C Will tolerate 5 to 50 °C but BioGenerator flexibility ensures quick recovery of activity even if there are temporary excursions but BioGenerator flexibility ensures quick recovery of activity even if there are temporary excursions

15. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerators Residence Time Residence Time Exponential Growth in contact with waste Exponential Growth in contact with waste so “the longer the better” so “the longer the better” 1 hour + 1 hour + BioGenerator major advantage over liquid bacteria products is that Incubation ensures huge quantities of highly active Bacteria are dosed every time Dormant products can be washed out before they are effective

16. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerators Food Supply Food Supply Ideally Bacteria will always have food supply Ideally Bacteria will always have food supply Will tolerate up to 24 hours without food Will tolerate up to 24 hours without food but BioGenerator provides its own nutrient supply, so Bacteria are constantly fed. but BioGenerator provides its own nutrient supply, so Bacteria are constantly fed.

17. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerator Biocides/CIP programme Biocides/CIP programme By design, Biocides will kill “all” Bacteria including the “good” ones! By design, Biocides will kill “all” Bacteria including the “good” ones! CIP programmes can be either very Caustic (high pH) or very Acidic (low pH) and will kill some or all BioGenerator Bacteria CIP programmes can be either very Caustic (high pH) or very Acidic (low pH) and will kill some or all BioGenerator Bacteria but BioGenerator will immediately re-colonise with huge population of the good Bacteria but BioGenerator will immediately re-colonise with huge population of the good Bacteria

18. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerators Standard System Standard System - Consists of equipment, Bacteria and nutrient. - Only service needed is water pressure in range 1.6 to 6 Bar. Scalable Scalable Very large systems can be treated with multiple standard units, or with bespoke larger designs (which may require mains power)

19. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerators Typical Applications: Typical Applications: Grease Traps Grease Traps Drain lines Drain lines Septic Tanks Septic Tanks Lift/pump stations Lift/pump stations Waste Treatment plants Waste Treatment plants Survey, design, troubleshooting support to ensure optimum application

20. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd BioGenerators Safe Safe Environmentally friendly Environmentally friendly Innovative Innovative Effective Effective Economical Economical Scalable Scalable

21. Hydro Technical Solutions Ltd Hydro Technical solutions Ltd BioGenerators for Organic waste treatment