1. Section 13.5 Complex Mixtures and Structures Bill Vining SUNY Oneonta

2. What is responsible for water and oil not mixing? A.Need to break water H-bonds B.Need to separate oil molecules C.Entropy of oil D.Entropy of water

3. What is responsible for highly charges salts being not so very soluble? A.Need to break water H-bonds B.Need to separate ions of high charge C.Entropy of oil D.Entropy of water

4. Hydrophilic groups: Hydrophobic groups: –OH and –NH groups and charged groups Examples: CH 3 OH, NH3, H-O-O-H Long hydrocarbon groups: CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Examples: CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 Cl

5. Proteins

6. Why do Proteins Fold?

7. What is responsible for proteins folding? A.Avoid breaking water H-bonds B.Need to separate hydrophilic groups C.Entropy of oil D.Entropy of water

8. Without lipids, you’d fall apart.

9. What holds DNA together?

10. DNA Base Pairs: Hydrogen Bonding

11. Sodium stearate: made by saponification of oils and fats (fat + base = soap) Surfactants: “Amphiphilic” Sodium lauryl sulfate (from coconut and palm oils)

12. Laundry!

13. What is responsible for micelle formation?

14. Hard Water and Phosphate Solubility

16. Fabric Softener and Hair Conditioner Cationic Surfactants: (CH 3 ) 3 N +

18. Colloids: mixture of different phases that do not separate

19. Emulsions: Milk surface proteins

20. Colloids: mixture of different phases that do not separate

21. Alloys: mixtures of metals 24 K gold = pure gold = not very good for jewelry