1. CAP 1145 The Norwegian Perspective

2. CAP 1145 My perception of The Norwegian Perspective + Positive to have safety review of Offshore helicopter operations! + CAA has invested resources to make this review and several other initatives. - The time frame appears to have been too tight to receive deeper understanding of the challenges. - The public pressure for action may have have caused «tunnel- vision» in actions.

3. CAP 1145 short recap; CAP – Civil Aviation Paper - guideline - can be made compulsary  The CAA decided to conduct the review in conjunction with the Norwegian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) and the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) so that a comparison could be made of any safety or operational differences. An independent peer review group was appointed to challenge the work of the review team to ensure that the objectives of the review were appropriate and being met.  Work started; September 2013  CAP published;Februar 2014  N-CAA did not sign the report (This is a UK report)

4. CAP 1145 Result; 32 Actions to the CAA 13 recommendations to EASA 12 Recommendations to the Helicopter Industry –Helicopter Operators (AOC Holders) –Helicopter Maintenance Organisations –Air Training Organisations (ATOs) –Helicopter Manufacturers 3 Recommendations to oil & gas industry 4

5. CAP 1145 Transatlantic flights VS Offshore; Similarity; - 98% over water with no glide / autorotation to shore - Multi engine and trained multi crew/ CAT operations - Variable weather and sea states Difference; WHY??? 5

6. CAP 1145 Executive summary; «There were a total of 25 UK offshore accidents between 1992 and 2013, equating to 1,35 accident per 100 000 flying hours; seven involved fatalities. Whilst the collective aim is to prevent accident occurance, it is unrealistic to expect they can be eliminated all together. Therefore, the protection of passengers and crew following an accident formed an essential part of the review.» Fatal accident rate 100 K hrs; 92 – 2012 UK; 0,34 Norway; 0,11 6

7. CAP 1145 Ditching or Water impact; Two ways for a helicopter to «land» on land or water: Controlled Or Uncontrolled 7

8. CAP 1145 Actions should be to prevent ditchings/ impact !! Focus should be on operational training, procedures and standards; - A17 «basic instrument skills to deal with manual flight if necessary» - Should also be «training on fully automated approaches with de-coupling and re-engaging» and «manual approaches night and day» - Use FDM as a trending tool, - give corrections in training - Tailor made up to date recurrent training 8

9. CAP 1145 Actions should be to prevent ditchings/ impact !! Focus should be on maintenance training and technical procedures and standards; - HUMS/VHM; - use and understanding; (L2 crash and the two EC 225 ditchings ?) - downloading between every flight - Skilled Technitians on line available to the crew on departure. - Time for the maintenance crew to consentrate on the job. - Tick- box mentality not accepted. 9

10. CAP 1145 Accident causes; UK 71 accidents 1976 – 2012 (appendix 1 to annex C) 33 Technical 28Operational 11External; 5 lightning strikes 4 aerodrome, helideck, UK 12 Fatal accidents 1976 – 2012 Cause; - Technical; 6 - Operational; 6 (pilot error/ 3.party/ deck motion) Norway fatal accidents 1976 – 2012 - All technical ! 10

11. CAP 1145 – Offshore survival training Appendix 5 to annex D; Role of survivex- Summary of interview with training staff. 2.2.3 Norw still training both in pool and in the sea.,,,,,,, The current HUET provides no element of surprice. A maximum of 4 delegates are seated in a helicopter mock-up with immediate access to a window exit. This is unrepresentative of the real situation where issues of cross cabin escape and occupation of seats not adjacent to an exit can signifecantly affect speed and ease of underwater escape. In Norway this is training for mastering, awareness and competence. 11

12. CAP 1145 – Remember for all of us!!!! When crises hits, - you do not rise to the occation, - you will sink to the level of your training!! Thank you for the attention. 12

13. CAP 1145 – Samarbeidsforum for sikkerhet på norsk kontinentalsokkel Action item A1 – A4 accepted 13

14. CAP 1145 - Challenges S92A – seastate 6 EC 225 – seastate 6 AS 332 L/L1 – seastate 4 14

15. CAP 1145 – Challenges A8 + A10 15 - UK; Training this year was done as theory and “dry training”. Is this the standard? -Norw; Re-breather is trained both in theory and in HUET training -3 runs with breather and 1 without (recurrent every 4 years)