1. OfficeServ 7400 Enterprise IP Solutions Quick Install Guide - Data Server – GWIM QoS Mar, 2006 OfficeServ Lab. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.

2. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -2/26- GWIM –SPQ(Strict Priority Queuing) Highest class served first. Only if the waiting list in the highest class is empty, other classes can be served. –HTBQ(Hierarchical Token Bucket Queuing) Supports the classification/shaping/queuing functions Less complexity than CBQ. guarantee of configured bandwidth(Rate) and the on- demand distribution of excess bandwidth(BW Sharing) OS7400 QoS Function Overview OS7400 QoS Function Overview

3. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -3/26- Linux kernel TC –provides various Queuing Disciplines(Qdisc) SPQ, HTBQ, CBQ,… –Root Qdisc is attached to device(interface). Arbitrary class tree can be created and attached to the Root Qdisc. Recursively, leaf classes can own another Qdisc as its own queuing policy. –If Packet is to transmit through one interface, it is classified as one of leaf classes according to configured filter rules and put into Qdisc attached to the leaf class. Iteratively, the packet is classified … GWIM QoS Internal (I) GWIM QoS Internal (I)

4. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -4/26- GWIM QoS Internal (II) HTBQ(Hierarchical Token Bucket Queuing) - 3 types of class : root, inner, leaf Only leaf classes actually shape packets; packets are only delayed in these leaf classes. The inner classes (all the way up to the root class) exist to define how borrowing/lending occurs. - 2 token buckets per class : 1 for AR(Assured Rate), 1 for CR(Ceil Rate) rate limiting(shaping) in only leaf classes. - BW borrowing up to CR from parent class by borrowing ctokens(parent’s tokens). If excess BW of the parent class is not available, the parent class attempt to borrow BW from parent of it. This can continue to reach Root class. - excess BW of inner class is distributed in the proportion of Quantum of demanding classes with highest priority. Quantum = Rate / R2Q ; calculated automatically

5. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -5/26- GWIM QoS Internal (III) SPQ(Strict Priority Queuing) - PRIO qdisc used - doesn’t actually shape, only subdivides traffic based on how filters are configured. - 3 types of class : high, middle, low => bands - priomap without tc filters, decide how to enqueue traffic according to TC_PRIO priority. => GWIM supports only TC filters, so just ignore. - By default, each class contains pure FIFO qdisc. However, it can be replaced with any qdisc. => GWIM does not support this feature.

6. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -6/26- Eth0 used as WAN interface QoS support is needed for VoIP traffic transmitted via eth0. Total throughput 200Mbps = 25Mbyte/s VoIP (class VOIP) –RTP, RTCP G.729 call with voice payload size of 20 bytes (20 ms) (14 bytes of Ethernet header + 40 bytes of IP(20)/UDP(8)/RTP(12) headers + 20 bytes voice payload + 4 bytes of Ethernet CRC)* 8 bits per byte * 50 pps = 31.2 Kbps 31.2 * 256 (Assuming number of simultaneous calls) AR = 8000 kbps (1000kbyte/s), CR = 2Mbyte/s, Priority = 1 (highest) –Signal SIP, H.323, SPNet(Samsung Proprietary Networking) Assuming 160 kbps = 20 KB/s (AR), CR = 40kbyte/s, Priority = 1 (highest) –AR = 8 Mbps (1Mbyte/s), CR = 3Mbyte/s Data Traffic (class Data) –AR = Total throuput – VoIP Traffic = 24 Mbyte/s, CR = 25Mbyte/s –TCP (class data_tcp) AR = 10Mbyte/s, CR = 25Mbyte/s, prio = 2 -Etc (default class) AR = 14Mbyte/s, CR = 25Mbyte/s prio = 3 Sample Scenario

7. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -7/26- Device Interface pFIFO Rate: 1MB/s Ceil: 25MB/s Rate: 3MB/s Ceil: 25MB/s Rate: 25 MB/s HTBQ Class Diagram class Qdisc Root Data VOIP tcp default pFIFO SignalVoice pFIFO Rate: 1000KB/s Ceil: 25MB/s Pri: 1 Rate: 20KB/s Ceil: 25MB/s Pri: 1 Rate: 2MB/s Ceil: 25MB/s Pri: 2 Rate: 1MB/s Ceil: 25MB/s Pri: 3

8. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -8/26- Common Configuration : IP and Port Groups

9. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -9/26- Common Configuration : VoIP Filter Groups

10. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -10/26- If a packet matches more than one filters, a filter of higher priority(lower value) will be selected. Note Common Configuration : Data Filter Group

11. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -11/26- bps, Kbps, and Mbps, which are the unit of the Rate and Ceil options, mean 8 bits/s, 8 Kbits/s, and 8 Mbits/s respectively. Note HTBQ Configuration – Root and Inner Classes

12. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -12/26- HTBQ Configuration – VoIP Classes(I)

13. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -13/26- HTBQ Configuration – VoIP Classes(II)

14. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -14/26- HTBQ Configuration – Data Class

15. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -15/26- HTBQ Configuration – Default Class

16. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -16/26- 1. Set the rate of the parent class rate not to be less than a total of that of all child classes. 2. Set the ceil of the parent class not to be less than the maximum value of that of all child classes. Note HTBQ Configuration – Class Group List

17. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -17/26- Applying HTBQ Policy

18. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -18/26- Running HTBQ

19. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -19/26- SPQ Configuration : VOIP class

20. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -20/26- SPQ Configuration : Data class

21. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -21/26- SPQ Configuration – Root Class

22. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -22/26- SPQ Configuration – Class Group List

23. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -23/26- Applying SPQ Policy

24. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -24/26- Running SPQ

25. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -25/26- VoIP Service Interoperation GWIM GWIMGWIM P1P1 P2P2 P3P3 SIOSIO V35V35 HSSIHSSI RUNRUN V35V35 HSSIHSSI P1P1 P2P2 P3P3 RSTRST GLIMPGLIMP P1P1 P2P2 P3P3 P4P4 P5P5 P6P6 P7P7 P8P8 P9P9 P10P10 P11P11 P12P12 P13P13 P14P14 LNKLNK ACTACT LNKLNK ACTACT RSTRST GLIMPGLIMP P1P1 P2P2 P3P3 P4P4 P5P5 P6P6 P7P7 P8P8 P9P9 P10P10 P11P11 P12P12 P13P13 P14P14 LNKLNK ACTACT LNKLNK ACTACT RSTRST GPLIM MGI64 P1P1 P6P6 P2P2 P7P7 P3P3 P8P8 P4P4 P9P9 P5P5 P10P10 LNKLNK ACTACT SIOSIO GSIM MP40 MGI64 INTERNET VOIP (ToS 0xa0] Data (ToS 0x0] * Classification between VOIP and Data is done by GSIM (FFP hardware based) efficiently. => ToS byte of VoIP traffic (signal and media) is marked 0xa0.(DSCP = 40) => ToS byte of Data traffic (non-VoIP) is marked 0x0.(DSCP = 0) * Using this, GWIM needs only one ToS filter to classify VoIP traffic.

26. 7400 Samsung Confidential & Proprietary Information Copyright 2006, All Rights Reserved. -26/26-