1. 7.02 Acids and Bases

2. Three definitions of Acids/Bases: –Arrhenius: Increases H + /OH - when added to water –Bronsted-Lowry: Proton Donor/Proton acceptor –Lewis: Electron Pair Acceptor/Electron Pair Acceptor BF 3 + F − → BF 4 -

3. Acids and Bases What makes an acid or base a strong acid or base? “strong” or “weak” refers to the extent to which the acid or base dissociates in water. Strong acids dissociate completely in water. They are 100% ionized.

4. Acids and Bases What is a Neutralization Reaction? When you react an acid and base together, the H+ ion and OH- ion will combine to form water, which is not an acid or a base, but is neutral. In addition, you will make a salt out of the two counter ions

5. Acids and Bases Identify the acid and base in the following reactions, and identify the salt produced: HClO + NH 3 → NH 4 ClO 2 HCl + CaOH → 2 H2O + CaCl2 H2SO4 + 2 NH4OH → (NH4)2SO4 + 2 H2O NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl Ca(OH)2 + H2CO3 → CaCO3 + 2 H2O HClO + NH3 → NH4ClO

6. Acids and Bases #1 If it took 24.5 milliliters of 0.35 molar NaOH to neutralize 15.0 milliliters of HNO 3, what is the concentration (molarity) of the HNO 3 ?

7. Acids and Bases #2 If 40.0 milliliters of 0.15 molar HCl are required to completely neutralize 25.0 milliliters of NH 3, what is the concentration of the NH 3 solution?

8. Acids and Bases #3 If 23.45 milliliters of Ca(OH) 2 with an unknown concentration is neutralized by 25.0 milliliters of 0.123 molar HCl, what is the concentration of the Ca(OH) 2 ?