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3. Splash Screen

4. Chapter Intro 2 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

5. Chapter Intro 3 When you think of the “Amazon River” you probably think of rain forests, Native Americans, or diverse plant and animal life.

6. Chapter Intro 4 Although these descriptions are characteristic of the river, it is also an important transportation corridor.

7. Chapter Intro 5 Commercial ships can travel as far as the port of Iquitos, Peru, located 2,300 miles from the mouth.

8. Chapter Intro 6 Using a physical map, trace the Amazon from its mouth on the Atlantic to Iquitos, and then to its source in the Andes.

9. Chapter Intro 7 Why might it be difficult to navigate the river beyond Iquitos?

10. Section 1-1 Guide to Reading Main Idea Brazil is a large country with many resources, a lively culture, and serious economic challenges.  Terms to Know basin  selva  escarpment  favela  deforestation  republic Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information.

11. Section 1-3 Guide to Reading (cont.) Section Objectives Describe Brazil’s landforms and climates.  Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Identify the natural resources Brazil’s economy depends on.  Discuss the people and culture of Brazil.

12. Section 1-4 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again.

13. Section 1-5 Brazil’s Land The Amazon River, the second-longest river in the world, winds almost 4,000 miles and drains water from a wide, flat basin.  A basin is a low area surrounded by higher land.  Up to 120 inches of rainfall each year supports the growth of the rain forests in the Amazon Basin.  Tropical rain forests, known as selvas, cover one-third of Brazil.

14. Section 1-6 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Brazil’s Land (cont.) The Brazilian Highlands cover about one-half of the country and drop sharply to the Atlantic Ocean.  This drop is called the Great Escarpment.  An escarpment is a steep cliff between higher and lower land. (pages 582–583)

15. Section 1-8 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Brazil’s Economy In the mid-1800s, the world discovered the “secrets” of the Amazon Basin.  Rubber, bauxite, tin, iron ore, mahogany, and other woods were found there.  Farmers in northern Brazil use the land for soybeans, tobacco, and cattle. (pages 583–585)

16. Section 1-9 Brazil’s Economy (cont.) Deforestation was encouraged by the government to promote farming, logging, and mining and grow the economy. This has caused a conflict between economic growth and environmental concerns.  The rain forest is very important in regulating the earth’s climate. It is home to millions of species of plants and animals. It is also home to many indigenous people who depend on their environment.

17. Section 1-11 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. The Brazilian government has plans to set aside 10 percent of the Amazon rain forest for native peoples. What issues have encouraged them to do this? Logging and the clearing of land threaten the natural lifestyle of the Native Americans, who live in the rain forest. (pages 583–585)

18. Section 1-10 Brazil’s Economy (cont.) Despite Brazil’s strong economy, as many as one-fifth of the people live in extreme poverty.  The poor continue to reside in slum areas, called favelas, although the government has tried to clean up these areas and create jobs.

19. Atlantic Rainforest Almost 88% of the original forest habitat has been lost and replaced by human- modified landscapes including pastures cropland and urban areas. This deforestation continues at an annual rate of.5% and up to 2.9% in urban areas.

20. Section 1-12 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Brazil’s History and Culture Brazil’s culture is largely Portuguese.  Although sometimes combined with native practices and beliefs, Roman Catholicism is the primary religion of Brazil.  Although slavery was banned in the late 1800s, African traditions heavily influenced Brazilian religion, music, dance, and food. (pages 585–587)

21. Section 1-13 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the information. Brazil’s History and Culture (cont.) In order to promote job opportunities, the government has promoted ways to move people away from crowded coastal cities to inland areas.  This included moving its capital in 1960 to the newly built inland city of Brasília. (pages 585–587)

22. Brazil’s History and Culture (cont.) Brazil is a democratic republic, in which people elect a president and other leaders.  Brazil’s citizens, ages 18 to 70, are required by law to vote for candidates from more than a dozen political parties.  The national government is much stronger than state governments, and the president is very powerful. President Dilma Rousseff

23. Section 1-15 Brazil’s History and Culture (cont.) Brazil has one of the largest television networks in the world.  Soccer is an extremely popular sport, and Brazil is famous for Carnival, a spectacular festival celebrated before the Christian Lent.

24. Section 1-16 Why do you think Roman Catholicism is the religion of a majority of Brazilians? The Portuguese settled Brazil, and they brought their language and religion with them.

25. Section 1-17 Click the Speaker button to listen to the audio again. (pages 585–587)

26. Section 1-18 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Defining Terms __ 1.steep cliff between higher and lower ground __ 2.nation with a strong national government headed by elected leaders __ 3.low area surrounded by higher land __ 4.tropical rain forest in Brazil __ 5.widespread cutting of forests A.basin B.selva C.escarpment D.deforestation E.republic E A B D Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. C

27. Section 1-19 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts History Who were the first and largest group of Europeans to colonize Brazil? The Portuguese were the first and largest group to colonize Brazil.

28. Section 1-20 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts (cont.) Economics What resources attract companies to the Amazon Basin? Rubber, minerals, and wood are resources that attract companies to the Amazon Basin.

29. Section 1-21 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Recalling Facts (cont.) Culture What is the major religion of Brazil? Roman Catholicism is the major religion of Brazil.

30. Section 1-22 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking Drawing Conclusions In what way is deforestation threatening the Native Americans who live in the rain forest? Native Americans find it difficult to follow traditional ways of life.

31. Section 1-23 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer. Critical Thinking (cont.) Summarizing Information What economic challenges face Brazilians? Poverty and destruction of the rain forest and Native American lands are challenges facing Brazilians.

32. Organizing Information Make a cause and effect chart for the government policy encouraging logging, mining, and farming in the rainforest. Cause-Government wanted to increase jobs and products for export. Effects- Deforestation, impact on Native People living in rainforests, destruction of land, habitats, climate.

33. Section 1-24 Applying Social Studies Skills Analyzing Maps Look at the physical map on page 583 of your textbook. What large landform in Brazil surrounds the Amazon River? The Amazon Basin is the large landform that surrounds the Amazon River. Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answer.

34. Section 1-25 Close List five facts about Brazil from this lesson.

35. End of Section 1