2. QUICK REVIEW THE ELEMENTS OF DESIGN The elements of design are the ingredients that go into a recipe, while the principles of design are the recipe telling you what to do with the ingredients. In other words, the principles are the rules by which you arrange the elements.

3. THE PRINCIPLES BALANCE CONTRAST (VARIETY) EMPHASIS PROPORTION (SCALE) UNITY RHYTHM MOVEMENT PATTERN

4. BALANCE Balance is the consideration of visual weight and importance. It is a way to compare the right and left side of a composition. Photo by: Mrs. Vejar-Olwert

5. SYMMETRICAL BALANCE The butterfly by itself is essentially symmetrical. Both sides are similar in visual weight and almost mirrored. Because symmetrical balance often looks more stiff and formal, sometimes it is called formal balance.

6. ASSYMETRICAL BALANCE Asymmetrical balance can be more interesting. In this photo both sides are similar in visual weight but not mirrored. It is more casual, dynamic, and relaxed feeling so it is often called informal balance.

7. ASSYMETRICAL BALANCE In this Edward Hopper Painting, the balance is clearly informal (asymmetrical). The colors are being balanced from left to right, and top to bottom.

8. RADIAL BALANCE Radial balance is not very common in artist's compositions, but it is like a daisy or sunflower with everything arranged around a center. Rose windows of cathedrals use this design system.

9. RADIAL This tessellation has multiple radial points at the nose and tail of each fish making an interesting pattern.

10. CONTRAST Contrast is achieved by using opposite elements in an artwork to create interest. Such opposites include, but are not limited to: SIZE SHAPE COLOR VALUE TEXTURE

11. CONTRAST Sometimes, we simply need contrast to be able to see things better. Photo by: Mrs. Vejar-Olwert

12. EMPHASIS Emphasis is the use of contrast to make something stand out. The water lily is the focal point in this photo because it is so bright and centered. Photo by: Mrs. Vejar-Olwert

13. EMPHASIS Andrew Wyeth uses placement and size to emphasize the girl in his painting entitled, “Christina’s World”

14. PROPORTION Proportion is a comparison of the size, amounts, or number of the elements in an artwork. Here, the obvious comparison is the size. The proportion of the people compared to the canyon is small. Photo by: Mrs. Vejar-Olwert

15. PROPORTION Here, the large amounts of people are out of proportion compared to the number of people the building can hold. Photo by: Mrs. Vejar-Olwert

16. UNITY The use of similar elements such as color. texture, and shape create a sense of unity which shows that all the parts in the artwork belong together as a whole. The same elements can create a mood or theme in the artwork. Photo by: Mrs. Vejar-Olwert

17. UNITY This has unity because it is made up of similar warm colors, textures, and shapes.

18. UNITY This painting has unity, because ALL the shapes are geometric and overlap each other. The shapes seem to belong together even though there is a variety of shapes. Variety can be used to make an artwork more interesting. Too much sameness can be boring.

19. RHYTHM Rhythm is created when elements repeat, creating a sense of movement. Repeating elements do NOT have to be exactly alike. It can be a color, shape, or line that repeats within the composition creating a beat. Photo by: Mrs. Vejar-Olwert

20. RHYTHM What is repeating in this painting that is guiding our eye in one direction? “Mt. Fuji”, Katushika Hokusai

21. MOVEMENT Movement occurs when elements in an artwork repeat to point the viewer’s eye in a particular direction. Typically, your eye will be lead around the artwork in order for you to appreciate the whole picture. Photo by: Mrs. Vejar-Olwert

22. MOVEMENT Here are more examples of movement. Photos by: Mrs. Vejar-Olwert

23. PATTERN Tessellations by: M.C. Escher