1. Clown Fish and Sea Anemone The clown fish lures in food for the anemone; the anemone protects the fish

2. Ant Galls on Acacia Tree The ants clear away vegetation so the tree receives more light; the ants can only nest in the galls on the tree.

3. Ants & Aphids The ants “herd” the aphids protecting them; the aphids provide the ants with food

4. Tape- worm Head Humans & Tapeworms The tapeworm lives inside the human, getting shelter & nutrition, depriving the human of some food.

5. Bromeliads & Trees The bromeliads grow on the trees. This does not harm the trees.

6. Tree Frogs & Bromeliads The tiny tree frogs live in the microhabitats found in the cup- like center of the bromeliads.

7. Oxpecker Birds & Rhino Oxpecker Birds & Water Buffalo The birds catch & eat ticks and other parasites off these large animals.

8. Vampire Bat & Cows The bat makes a small, harmless “scratch” on the cow; then the bat licks the blood.

9. Alligator, Leech, & Plover Sometimes so many leeches are sucking blood from one alligator, they actually weaken the ‘gator. The plovers feed on leeches they pick off the ‘gators.

10. Warbler feeding Cuckoo nestling The cuckoo chick often pushes the warbler chick out of the nest. The adult warbler feeds the young cuckoo, even as it becomes much larger than itself! Cuckoo chick Adult warbler

11. Dog and Flea The flea feeds off the dog’s blood, and can transmit diseases to the dog.

12. Goby fish & Cleaner Shrimp The goby warns the blind shrimp when danger is near; the shrimp excavates the sandy burrow that shelters them both.

13. Hermit Crab in Sea Anemone The anemone gives shelter to the crab.

14. Sea Anemones on Hermit Crab The anemone attaches to the crab’s shell, traveling with it

15. Shark & Grouper with Remoras The remora fish catches a ride with a larger fish, eating any food scraps.

16. Deer and Tick The tick feeds off the deer’s blood, often transmitting disease to the deer.

17. Caterpillar with Wasp Eggs The wasp lays its eggs on the caterpillar. When the eggs hatch, they burrow into the caterpillar to feed, killing it.

18. Flowers & Honeybees The bees gain food as they pollinate the flowers.

19. Gila Woodpecker & Saguaro Cactus The woodpecker nests in the cactus; the holes don’t bother the cactus

20. Mistletoe The mistletoe gains food and space from the tree, often killing it. & trees

21. “Witches Broom” Formed by Mistletoe

22. Trout & Lamprey Lamprey mouth The lamprey uses its disk-shaped, raspy, sucker-like mouth to attach to a fish and feed from it, often weakening the fish.

23. Honeyguide bird & Ratel (aka Honey Badger) Bees! The ratel cannot find bee hives without the bird. The ratel rips apart the hive and they both eat!

24. Hookworm & Humans The hook- worm harms humans, but gets food & protection

25. The Nomeus fish is not harmed by the Portuguese Man-of-War as it Nomeus fish hides in the jellyfish’s tentacles.

26. Sooty Shearwater (bird) and The Sooty Shearwater digs a burrow to lay its eggs. The Tuatara moves into the burrow, often eating the eggs! Tuatara (lizard)

27. …to find some additional information about one of the examples of symbiosis in this PowerPoint. Extra Credit #1 Use the Internet… Keep Going…

28. not …add an example of symbiosis from your book that is not in this PowerPoint presentation!! Extra Credit #2 Use your text to… That’s All!