1. Sleep Disorders and Sleep Problems:

2. Individual Differences in Sleep Drive Some individuals need more and some less than the typical 8 hours per night Nonsomniacs—sleep far less than most, but do not feel tired during the day Insomniacs—has a normal desire for sleep, but is unable to and feels tired during the day

3. Sleep Disorders Quick List Insomnia—inability to fall asleep or stay asleep REM sleep disorder—sleeper acts out his or her dreams Night terrors—sudden arousal from sleep and intense fear accompanied by physiological reactions (e.g., rapid heart rate, perspiration) that occur during slow- wave sleep Narcolepsy—overpowering urge to fall asleep that may occur while talking or standing up Sleep apnea—failure to breathe when asleep Parasomnias – any disorder involving movement in deep sleep stage 4.

4. Insomnia Recurring problems falling asleep or staying asleep Sleeping pills tend to inhibit or suppress REM sleep; worsen the problem Alcohol suppresses REM sleep; also worsens the problem Studies show most people overestimate how long it took them to get to sleep

5. Sleep Apnea A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and consequent momentary reawakenings. Tend to be loud snorers Continuous Positive Airway Pressure machine See a clip of someone with it HEREHERE

6. Narcolepsy A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks Person goes directly into REM sleep Nervous system getting aroused tends to trigger the sleep attack Narcolepsy has a genetic link and runs in some breeds of dogs. Rusty the Narcoleptic Dog (Click to View)Rusty the Narcoleptic Dog Other Dogs with Narcolepsy (Click to View)Other Dogs with Narcolepsy Dobermans with Narcolepsy (Click to View)Dobermans with Narcolepsy Skeeter the Narcoleptic Poodle (Click to View)Skeeter the Narcoleptic Poodle Teenagers living with Narcolepsy (Click to View)Teenagers living with Narcolepsy

7. Somnambulism Formal name for sleepwalking Starts in the deep stages of N-REM sleep Person can walk or talk but remembers nothing of the experience CNN Report on Sleep Deprivation & Sleep Walking (2 min) Report on Sleep Deprivation & Sleep Walking (2 min)

8. Night Terrors Sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and appearance of being terrified Happens during stage 4 sleep; mostly children The children seldom remember the event.

9. Other Sleep Disorders Bruxism – teeth grinding Enuresis – bed wetting Myoclonus – sudden jerk of a body part occurring during stage 1 sleep –Everyone has occasional episodes of myoclonus Sleeping Beauty Syndrome - Ever feel like you could sleep for a week? This girl does! (5 min)Sleeping Beauty Syndrome