1. PART 1 AP BIOLOGY SUMMER ASSIGNMENT Biology Collection

2. Lichens Lichens are fungi that attach to a partner in a symbiotic relationship. Often they attach to trees, as is shown with these two lichens.

3. Dominant vs. Recessive Phenotype A common trait that is attributed to dominant and recessive phenotypes is hair color. Brown hair is the dominant trait, while both red and blonde hair are considered recessive. In the family pictured, both parents have brown hair, while two of the children have red hair and two (one not pictured) have blonde hair. The reason why all three hair colors are represented in this family is that there are actually two alleles that control hair color, one to determine blonde/brown and one for the redness of hair color.

4. Ectotherm Ectothermic animals are more commonly known as “cold- blooded” and include reptile, amphibian, invertebrate, and fish species. Cold-blooded animals are called such because they regulate their body temperature from outside sources. Salamanders are amphibians and are ectothermic.