1. Masters and Slaves

2. Nat Turner  1831 – Nat Turner and other slaves rose up against their masters  About 60 whites killed  The rebellion was stopped  Slave owners had to make sure this would not happen again  Conditions became harsher

3.  Southerners looked at abolitionist as a direct attack on their way of life  Southerners feared their own slaves and possible attacks from the north

4. Cotton Kingdom  Cotton gin made separating the seeds from the cotton a cheaper process  Westward expansion opened more areas to growing cotton  Crops required constant weeding  Increased value and need of slavery

5.  Cotton  1792-1817 = 461,000 bales  1840 = 1,35 million  1849 = 2.85 million  1860 = 4.8 million  Most cotton went to Great Britain  Southerners said “Cotton is King”  Felt cotton was responsible for the good economy of America

6. Slavery and Industrialization  The south depended on the north for manufactured goods  Some wanted the south to industrialize  Rich plantation owners did not see the need to risk change  Most slaves stayed on plantations

7.  Slaves worked from sunrise to sunset  Overseers controlled the daily lives of the slave  Plantation owners – contact only with house slaves  Lived in small shacks w/dirt floors  Work all day and then come home and prepare food and work slave gardens  Conditions were harsh

16. Uncle Tom’s Cabin  Harriet Beecher Stowe – never owned slaves  Showed the villain Simon Legree  Also showed that slaves were people with deep feeling  Showed the evils of slavery  Sold millions of copies and became a stage show throughout the world  Readers around the world turned against slavery

17. The Positive  Southerners who had slaved had to support their right to own them  They said slaves were better off with their white masters  Place to stay and someone to take care of them  Religion used to support the owning of slaves

18. Gabriel Prosser  1800 Virginia slave rose against his masters  Marched to Richmond  Storm dispersed his army and he was defeated  1811 slaves marched to New Orleans  300 - Army stopped the rebellion  1822 Southerners uncovered a plot to seize an armory, arm the slave population and take control of Charleston

19. Second Seminole War  Slaves in Florida (escaped slaves) fought alongside the Indians  Seminoles were resisting removal to Oklahoma  Thousands of other slaves just ran away

20. Free Blacks  500,000 free blacks – 1860  About ½ lived in slave states  Treated as social outcasts – prejudice  Sometimes captured by slave catchers and placed into slavery

21. Freedoms Journal & North Star  Black newspapers  Preached liberation  David Walker – “Appeal … to the colored people of the world”  Denounced slavery  Called for blacks to revolt against the whites

22. Harriet Tubman  Underground Railroad  Helped escaped slaved get to free states and later to Canada

23. Slave Religion  Free blacks formed the first independent black church  Prayed to God to deliver them from slavery  Black churches looked at by whites suspiciously  Some forced to close

24. Slave Family  Families had strong bonds  Parents shared responsibility for raising children  Slaves were also sold and traded  Wives and families were often on other plantations  Not uncommon for the head of the family to be the mother  Younger slaves referred to each other as “brother” and “sister”