1. Understanding our wetlands.
Newberry Hill Heritage Park
Understanding our wetlands.

2. Our kitsap Heritage Cheap timberland
Worthless land
Seized for non payment of taxes
Managed for lumber production by the state
Monoculture
Taxes on timber sales used to build schools
Local jobs
Reduces tax burden
The Trident Boom
Rapid Rural/Urban development

3. What our PARK wetlands do
Chico Creek washed out
Provide flood storage areas
Peak flow reduction
Provide late summer stream flow
Reduce pollution
Recharge aquifer
Provide habitat for fish and wildlife
Breeding
Nesting
Feeding
Migrating
Provide recreation, education and research opportunities
What our PARK wetlands do

4. What our PARK wetlands do
Recreation in the park
A few or our park users
MT Biking, Hiking, Jogging, Bird and Wildlife viewing, Horseback Riding, Geocaching and other low impact uses (No hunting, fishing or motorized vehicles allowed)
Re-Creation in the park
Our recreational users are well represented at our meetings, who speaks for the trees.
What our PARK wetlands do

5. Habitat types found in our park
Water, water, water
Lentic (standing water, lake or pond)
Lotic (moving water, stream or river)
Marsh (emerged hydrophilic macrophytes)
Many category IV wetlands
Standing dead timber
Open meadow
Monoculture thickets
Cascara
Madrone
Evergreen Huck
Salal
Salmonberry
Upland forest
Ground cover

6. lentic Habitats within habitats Pelagic Littoral
Pelagic vs limnetic due to depth, there is no hypolimnion. In this water littoral macrophytes and benthic algae are primary producers. Photosynthesis.

7. Lotic sinuosity Abiotic Factors Biotic Factors Flow Temperature Light
Chemistry
Biotic Factors
Bacteria
Algae
sinuosity
Water flow is the key factor in lotic systems influencing their ecology. Rate of flow can vary between systems, ranging from torrential rapids to slow backwaters. The speed of the water flow can also vary within a system. It is typically based on variability of friction with the bottom or sides of the channel, sinuosity, obstructions, and the incline gradient. In addition, the amount of water input into the system from direct precipitation and/or groundwater can affect flow. Flowing waters can alter the shape of the streambed through erosion and deposition, creating a variety of habitats, including riffles

8. Marsh Eutrophication cultural
Well nourished, What goes into the lake stays in the lake.
cultural

9. Woodland meadow
Raptors hunt along the ecotone
ecotone

10. standing dead timber
Nesting and food for the birds

11. Upland forest
Secondary succession
Secondary succession

12. Benevolent monoculture
Arbutus thicket
Habitat fragmentation
fragmentation

13. The understory Evergreen Huckleberry Red Huckleberry
Trailing blackberries
Trailing strawberries
Indian Plum
Nootka and Bald Hip rose
Red and Black Current
Lots more you name some

14. Altered habitat Early logging practices were harmful
Logging roads
Water temperature vs canopy removal
LWD absent
Accelerated silt loading
Our presence
Road impounded wetlands
Invasive species
Non native species
Cultural values

15. The Beavers role in the wetlands

16. Castor Canadensis Keystone Species
Create wetlands
Improve riparian habitat (coppicing)
Only humans alter habitat more than beavers

17. Beaver lodge
New wetlands under construction
Always changing

18. Heritage Site beaver dam

19. We have met the enemy….it is us
A few items

20. riparian
“everything is connected”
All in common

21. Litter in the riparian zone
As little as 1 ppm can kill fish eggs. Two of these were within 10 feet of Little Anderson Creek
1 ppm

22. Legacy dump site debris
Debris from the 1970’s removed from the park

23. Our heritage, our future
Cup in Potomac River, Sign in Old Mill Park Silverdale