1. SCIAMACHY long-term validation M. Weber, S. Mieruch, A. Rozanov, C. von Savigny, W. Chehade, R. Bauer, and H. Bovensmann Institut für Umweltphysik, Universität Bremen ENVIVAL-LIFE Annual Meeting, Bremen, 6-7 Dec 2010

2. Topics Validation of scientific SCIA retrievals:  Total ozone  ozone limb profiles  NO2 limb profiles

3. Total ozone  Merged WFDOAS total ozone (´GSG´) data set (1995-2010): www.iup.uni-bremen.de/gome/wfdoas  Used in WMO assessment 2010 Weber and Steinbrecht, 2010 GOME SCIAMACHY GOME2 record ozone hole 1990s cold Arctic winters split ozone hole QBO

4. SCIAMACHY TO3 validation  GSG merged data set WMO requirements for trend detection: <1%/decade  GOME1 (1995-present)  Loss of global coverage after June 2003  Very good agreement with ground data until now (mean bias < 1%)  SCIAMACHY (2002-present)  Good agreement with GOME at start of record  Instrumental trend of -4% per decade  GOME2 (2007-present)  Bias of -1% w.r.t. G OME1 GOME (3 month avg.) SCIAMACHY GOME minus Brewers daily mean <60° lat. Dobsons Brewers

5. Merged WFDOAS total ozone data set (1995-2009) Merged WFDOAS data record with GOME1 as reference data set:  GOME1 (July 1995- May 2003)  SCIAMACHY bias and trend corrected (June 2003 – March 2007)  GOME2 bias corrected (April 2007 – present) deseasonalised Weber and Steinbrecht, 2010

6. Other GOME/SCIA/GOME2 merged data records  Similar approach for ESA/EUMETSAT operational data products (Loyola et al. 2009)  GSG data are also part of the NIWA assimilated data record (Bodeker et al., 2005)  Data assimilation approach combining all available satellites and different algorithms covering 30 years (van der A et al., ACP, 2010) Loyola et al., 2009

7. Conclusion total ozone  Good agreement with groundbased Brewers and Dobsons  But: significant -4%/decade trend wrt GOME1 and ground data  Not a retrieval issue (all algorithms are affected)  Most likely level-1 issue  m-factor corrections (level 1 V5) only partially helps  Trend correction wrt to GOME1  merged GOME1/SCIA/GOME2 data set  Zonal means are in good agreement with SBUV/TOMS/OMI merged and ground data  Used in WMO 2010 assessment

8. SCIAMACHY limb ozone data set  SCIAMACHY limb ozone profiles 2002-present (Sonkaew et al., 2009)  Version 2.1  Altitude coverage: 10-70 km  Vertical resolution: 4 km Relevance of data set:  WMO asessment 2010  ESA climate change initiative ´ozone ecv´ (2010-2013)  merged limb/occ. ozone profiles (Ubr, KIT, FMI/LATMOS) from ENVISAT and ESA-Third Party missions (ODIN/ACE)  SPARC ozone profile initiative  trend quality ozone profile data sets Steinbrecht et al. 2009, WMO, 2010; Weber and Steinbrecht 2010

9. Long-term validation of SCIA O3 profiles  Comparison of monthly mean zonal means with SAGE II, HALOE, SABER, MLS, ACE-FTS  Direct comparison of zonal means (all profiles) all profiles

10. Long-term validation of SCIA O3 profiles  Comparison of monthly mean zonal means with SAGE II, HALOE, SABER, MLS, ACE-FTS  Comparisons of collocated profiles only (<400 km)  Results of all & collocated profile comparisons are similar, some fine details are different collocated profiles

11. Long-term validation of SCIA O3 profiles  SCIA overestimates in the UTLS (e.g. <20 km in the tropics)  General good agreement with solar occulation (HALOE, SAGE, ACE- FTS) to better than 10%  Larger differences wrt MLS (above 30 km) and SABER (extratropics) all profiles collocated profiles

12. Long-term validation of SCIA O3 profiles  SCIA overestimates in the UTLS (e.g. <20 km in the tropics)  General good agreement with solar occulation (HALOE, SAGE, ACE- FTS) to better than 10%  Larger differences wrt MLS (above 30 km) and SABER (extratropics) sss

13. Long-term validation of SCIA O3 profiles  larger differences with MLS and SABER are significant (MLS bias confirmed by Considine et al., 2008)  small oscillation in the difference profile to solar occultation profiles are statistically significant  residual tangent pointing problem most pronounced in the tropics (under investigation)  Question: Are the differences between SCIA and other instruments real?  Make a χ 2 -test null hypothesis check (von Clarmann 2006) using only random errors (error covariance of other instruments are unknown

14. SCIAMACHY tangent height offset 50 o N– 70 o N: ~7 m/year Retrieved from SCIAMACHY occultation measurements comparing the predicted and observed position of the Sun. Retrieved from SCIAMACHY limb measurements in UV spectral range using the “TRUE” algorithm (von Savigny et al., 2005). Tropics: ~21 m/year

15. SCIA instrumental O3 trends  Trend analysis (incl. Seasonal cycle, QBO, autocorrelation)  Siginificant negative trends at around 37 km (~-1%/decade)  larger trends than SABER  Most likely related to the residual tangent height problem

16. Conclusion O3 limb profiles  Excellent agreement with solar occulation data (< 10%) from 20 to 50 km  Strong overestimation below 20 km in the tropics  cloud interference (ca. 90% of all data)  Some statistically significant oscillatory structure in the mean difference profiles  Tangent height issue?  Negative trend of 1%/decade at about 37 km, larger than SABER‘s trend (~-0.4%/decade)  Tangent height issue

17. NO2 limb profile validation  NO2 limb retrieval V3.1  Spectral range 420-470 nm  Vertical range 11-40 km  vertical resolution: 3-5 km  Retrieval grid: 1 km  Comparisons to SAGE II, HALOE, and ACE-FTS  Max. time difference: 8h  Max. distance: 500 km  Similar PV at 475 K (Bracher et al. 2004)  Difference in tropopasue height less than 2 km abpove 8 km altitude  SAGE II, HALOE, and ACE-FTS measurements are scaled to SCIAMACHY SZA using a 2D photo-chemical model (Bracher et al., 2005)

18. Comparison to SAGE II (2003-2004)  Good agreement at northern high latitudes above 20 km (<10%)  Increasing differences (up to 30% near 40 km) at low and soutrhern latitudes

19. Comparison to HALOE (2003-2004)  Good agreement at northern high latitudes above 20 km (<10%)  Increasing differences (up to 30% near 40 km) at middle and tropical latitudes  Similar results für SAGE II,HALOE, and ACE-FTS

20. Comparison to ACE-FTS (2004-2005)  Good agreement at northern latitudes (<10%)  Increasing differences (up to 30% near 40 km) at low and soutrhern latitudes  Similar results für SAGE II,HALOE, and ACE-FTS

21. Summary: NO2 limb profile  60°N – 90°N altitude range all measurements agree mostly within 10% above 20 km. Below, SAGE II shows nearly the same results as SCIAMACHY, HALOE is lower and ACE- FTS is higher than SCIAMACHY  30°N – 60°N altitude all measurements agree mostly within 10% above 20-24 km (depending on the reference instrument). Below, SAGE II and ACE- FTS are higher and HALOE is lower than SCIAMACHY  SCIAMACHY in most cases 10-15% higher than other satellites  High bias of SCIAMACHY is believed to be due to too low NO 2 scaling factor resulting from the photochemical model for small solar zenith angles (confirmed by comparisons with the photo-chemical model of Chris McLinden)  Results show a better agreement than for the previous retrieval version (V3.0) reported by Bracher et al., 2005 (comparison was done only for 55N-69N latitude range).