1. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Sustainability of project WIND TURBINE GENERATION May 2004 May 2004 Research and Development Office Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

2. Wind Power Generation Technology has been introduced in Thailand since 1983.This is mainly attributed to field test works by Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT). There are several institutions that concerning in the field of assessment wind energy, developing performance testing and monitoring of wind turbine for generating electricity. Backgrounds

3. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand EGAT has established an experimental station located in the southernmost of Phuket Island, near the Andaman Sea. At this particular site, where is strong south-west wind from the Andaman - Sea during monsoon periods, is an ideal location for WTG experiment. There are three commercially available WTG installed; two of 10 kW, Excel from USA and one of 150 kW, from Denmark. Backgrounds

4. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Two of 10 kW are utilized for battery charging station in the year 1993. The 150 kW WTG was connected to the local distribution grid of PEA in the year 1996.The 150 kW WTG was successfully demonstrated at Promthep Alternative Energy Station, Phuket Island with annually generates 200,000 kWh to the distribution grid. Backgrounds

5. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Wind speed and direction in Thailand NE- MONSOON November-April SW- MONSOON May-October Phuket Island The annual mean wind speed is varies from 2.5 m/s in the Northern part up to 5.0 m/s in the Southern part of Thailand. Some specific area of Phuket Island have been measured and evaluated by EGAT, the result show that the monthly wind speed is varies from 3.8 to 9.8 m/s

6. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Wind Turbine Generation 150 kW 1996 Location of Promthep Alternative Energy Station, Phuket Island

7. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Monthly mean wind speed (m/s) in Phuket Island AVERAGE WIND SPEEDS (m/s) at 36 m. HEIGHT PROMTHEP ALTERNATIVE ENERGY STATION, PHUKET PROVINCE YearJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecAverage 19944.5 4.73.56.96.16.45.56.03.43.54.45.0 19955.44.94.43.94.35.34.16.16.84.14.94.84.9 19965.06.24.54.04.23.55.86.27.64.35.04.95.1 19975.24.24.43.75.80.02.17.34.03.34.64.94.6 19985.10.0 6.54.75.85.96.05.14.65.4 19993.85.24.56.34.39.87.62.30.03.94.84.95.2 20004.60.0 3.73.60.0 7.04.23.34.4 20014.84.74.23.23.98.06.27.85.54.54.34.15.1 20024.45.54.63.84.54.35.05.26.24.23.24.54.6 20034.95.0 4.26.04.05.76.06.85.54.04.75.2 Average4.85.04.54.04.85.95.35.86.14.64.44.5

8. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand

9. The annual energy supply to the distribution grid. Energy Production form WTG 150kW.(1996-2004) 199619971998199920002001200220032004 Jan019,19518,9118,454** 010,00232,94620,148 35,13 6 Feb010,14714,62016,4646,504** 23418,94218,012 15,03 6 Mar06,65313,17614,7244,24212,33011,37612,594 15,76 2 Apr05,20212,08026,0761,28410,6085,6284,704 May022,8144,0904,656** 026,55615,79221,636 Jun013,37123,5067,72848,94230,4268,8203,636 Jul * 29,01012,11919,10746,02023,10624,16221,12611,826 Aug14,03435,9768,94433,82821,84650,18428,91426,172 Sep38,63411,96518,35415,61812,708 ** 4,6024,85436,780 Oct14,2435,98029,86821,80437,84213,626** 4815,366 Nov15,10911,14516,97211,1307,28420,040 ** 2,9344,314 Dec11,48316,97413,817** 9966,34213,6266,28817,718 Total 122,51 3 171,5 41 193,4 45 207,4 98 170,1 00 216,3 96 157,6 68 192,9 06 65,93 4 Electrical Energy Electrical Energy = 195000-210000 kWh/yr = 1300 -1400 kWh/kW/yr

10. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Conceptual Design The requirement of any WTG are : are : Low investment cost, Low investment cost, Long life under vigorous Long life under vigorous climatic conditions climatic conditions Automatically operation Automatically operation Low maintenance cost. Low maintenance cost.

11. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Sustainability of project 150 kW WTG Project will be sustained, according to: Reliability of the system Capability of technicians Operation and maintenance can be done well Financial for operation and maintenance available The project give benefit to the community, and The community accept WTG technology

12. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand This project was installed and requested the permission from a governor of Phuket Island and other authorities. At the same time, we provide information of WTG to a group of people in local area. They know and accept a new technology in their area. It is very successful to convince the people in the local area to believe in WTG technology that not impact to their life. Community/People Participation

13. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Benefit to user and community  To be proud that they had a new technology in their areas  Implant mind of conservative energy by saving and reducing energy consumption  To be a sight seeing or learning by any people who interest in this technology  The site is on the highest hill so this place is the visiting point of a tourist for seeing view of WTG.  Improving their knowledge, and skills especially in WTG technical aspects.  Good health by good environment

14. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Maintenance Scheme During the installation, the contractor conducted the training for technicians. Contractor also gave the manual of operating instructions, and the guidelines of maintenance.During the installation, the contractor conducted the training for technicians. Contractor also gave the manual of operating instructions, and the guidelines of maintenance. After that the EGAT’s technicians can operate and maintain the WTG by themselves.After that the EGAT’s technicians can operate and maintain the WTG by themselves. In each year, we have a schedule of maintenance for preventive maintenance and get high performance.In each year, we have a schedule of maintenance for preventive maintenance and get high performance. We take one week for yearly maintenance. The time for maintenance will be conducted in November because of the minimum wind speed in each year.We take one week for yearly maintenance. The time for maintenance will be conducted in November because of the minimum wind speed in each year.

15. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Maintenance Scheme Since the 150 kW wind turbine was established in 1996 until the present, the WTG technology for grid connected is found that it is easily to operate and has the low cost in maintenance.Since the 150 kW wind turbine was established in 1996 until the present, the WTG technology for grid connected is found that it is easily to operate and has the low cost in maintenance. This demonstration is shown to other authority so they have planned to set it up WTG in their local area.This demonstration is shown to other authority so they have planned to set it up WTG in their local area.

16. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Life of System How to maintain the life of WTG The WTG life is 20 years estimated. From our experience, we can do it better maintenance and its life will be increase more than 20 years.The WTG life is 20 years estimated. From our experience, we can do it better maintenance and its life will be increase more than 20 years. The past recordations of the operated WTG were the wind velocity, the performance and electric energy. We can be used the data for research and development including the maintenance for example; it will use for education and training to the other countries in Asian country.The past recordations of the operated WTG were the wind velocity, the performance and electric energy. We can be used the data for research and development including the maintenance for example; it will use for education and training to the other countries in Asian country.

17. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Cost Effectiveness The cost of generating electricity from WTG is 5.02 Baths per unit which is 50% less expensive than the cost of generating electricity from the solar cell. In case of commercial scale, the energy cost of established the large WTG, which is more than 600kW, is reduced more than 50% compare to the energy cost from 150 kW WTG. EGAT plans to establish a new wind turbine project which the power generated is more than 600 kW in the future.

18. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand 600 kW WTG 150 kW WTG 10 kW WTG N

19. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand Conclusion Total Investment CostTotal Investment Cost WTG = 1.25-1.50 US$/Watt Annual Electrical Energy GeneratedAnnual Electrical Energy Generated WTG=1,300-1,400 kWh/kW/yr Cost of Generation (without grant)Cost of Generation (without grant) WTG=3.5-4.0 Baht/kWh