1. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature1 XIV International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy J. Vijande University of Valencia (Spain) A. Valcarce, T. F. Caramés (U. Salamanca)

2. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature2 1980 - 2000

3. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature3 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 E ( M e V ) 0 – 1 – 1 + 2 + 0 + D sJ mesons Ok! D*KD*K D0KD0K D sJ * (2317) D s1 (2458) Motivation: New open-charm and charmonium mesons J.V., A.V. et al, Phys. Rev. D73, 034002 (2006) Open-charm mesons

4. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature4 Charmonium DD 3872 cc mass spectrum R.L. Jaffe, Phys. Rev. D15, 267 (1977) =0=0 Simple color Fermi-Breit quark-antiquark scheme X (3872), X (3940),Y (3940), Z (3940), Y(4140),... More complicated

5. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature5 The effect of the admixture of hidden flavor components in the baryon sector has also been studied. With a 30% of 5q components a larger decay width of the Roper resonance has been obtained. 10% of 5q components improves the agreement of the quark model predictions for the octet and decuplet baryon magnetic moments. The admixture is for positive parity states and it is postulated. D. Riska et al., Nucl. Phys. A791, 406-421 (2007) From the spectroscopic point of view one would expect the effect of 5q components being much more important for low energy negative parity states (5q S wave) S. Takeuchi et al., Phys. Rev. C76, 035204 (2007)  (1405) [1/2 – ], QM 1500 MeV (  (1520) [3/2 – ])  q [(0s) 2 0p]> +  |5q[(0s) 5 ]>  =0; QCM  –NK–  ud  No resonance found  A resonance is found OGE T.-S.H. Lee et al., Phys. Rev. C 61, 065203(2000) E. Oset et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 052301(2005) P. Gonzalez et al., Phys. Rev. C 77, 065213(2008) Further evidences: light baryons

6. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature6 X(3872) Z(3930) D sJ (2317) D 0 (2308) D sJ (2317) D sJ (2860) Y(3940) X(4160) X(4260) Y(4350) Y(4660) Z(4430) Z 1 (4040) Z 2 (4240) D sJ (3040) D sJ (2460) X(4008) X(3940) Etc... May you live in interesting times How to proceed?

7. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature7 The gift from nature to hadronic physicists !! These states cannot camouflage themselves in the mesonic jungle

8. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature8 Solving the Schrödinger equation. 11 22 33 1 2 3 4 1,2  c3,4  n ccnn Variational Method J. V., A.V., Symmetry 1, 155 (2009) Hyperspherical Harmonics Method J.V., et al., Phys. Rev. D79, 074010 (2009) The simplest system with a nontrivial color structure. Being formed by identical quarks Pauli principle has to be imposed.

9. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature99 11 22 33 1 2 3 4 1,2  c3,4  n ccnn Physical channels J.Vijande, A.V., Phys. Rev. C80, 035204 (2009)

10. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature10 cncn. E ( M e V ) 0 + (2 8 ) 1 + (24) 2 + (30) 0  (21) 1  (21) 2  (21) 0 + (28) 1 + (24) 2 + (30) 0  (21) 1  (21) 2  (21) I=1I=0 4q Energy M 1 M 2 threshold J.V., A.V., N. Barnea, Phys. Rev. D79, 074010 (2009)

11. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature11 x z y 1 2 3 4 1,2  c3,4  n ccnn Bound. Unbound.

12. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature12 Solving the Lippmann-Schwinger equation for the two meson system Same interacting potential as before I II

13. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature13 (I) J P = (0) 1 +  All positive parity channels up to J P =2 + have been analyzed.  Only one channel, (I) J P = (0) 1 +, is attractive enough to be bound.

14. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature14 T. F. Caramés et al., Phys. Lett. B. 699, 291 (2011) (I) J P = (0) 1 + II I Formalisms based on meson-meson and four-quark configurations are fully compatible if they incorporate all the relevants basis vectors (channels)! Meson-Meson P DD* P D*D* P DD Four-quark states

15. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature15 Decay modes. Electromagnetic: E 4q > M(D)+M(D) Weak: E4q < M(D)+M(D) Candidates for observation (QQnn). Charm Sector: ccnn 1: (I) J P = (0) 1 + : Δ E ≈ [ – 80, – 10] MeV → E ≈ 3800 – 3865 MeV Bottom Sector: bbnn 1: (I) J P = (0) 1 + : Δ E ≈ [ -220, – 140] MeV → E ≈ 10380 – 10460 MeV Decaying weak. 2: (I) J P = (0) 0 + : Δ E ≈ [ -150, – 50] MeV → E ≈ 10400 – 10500 MeV Decaying electromagnetical. 3: (I) J P = (1) 3 - : Δ E ≈ [ -140, – 120] MeV → E ≈ 10880 – 10900 MeV Decaying electromagnetical. 4: (I) J P = (0) 1 - : Δ E ≈ [ -10, 0] MeV → E ≈ 10550 – 10560 MeV Decaying weak.

16. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature16

17. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature17 Summary There is an increasing interest in hadron spectroscopy due to the advent of a large number of experimental data in several cases of difficult explanation. These data provide with the best laboratory for studying QCD in the so- called strong limit. We have the methods, so we can learn about the dynamics. Explicit exotic states with flavor components not reachable by standard quark-antiquark or three quark components are the best states to test our understanding of hadron spectroscopy Experimentalists: Exotic charmed four-quark systems may exist if our understanding of the dynamics does not hide some information. I hope you can answer this question to help in the advance of hadron spectroscopy. Theorists: All theoretical models agree on the existence of these kind of exotics. It is imperative to provide testable predictions in order to discriminate between models/approaches.

18. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature18

19. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature19 Interacting potentials Parameters determined on the NN interaction and meson/baryon spectroscopy CQC -Confinement: Linear screened potential -One-gluon exchange: Standard Fermi-Breit potential Scale dependent  s - Boson exchanges: Chiral symmetry breaking Not active for heavy quarks Parameters determined on meson spectroscopy BCN -Confinement: Linear potential -One-gluon exchange: Standard Fermi-Breit potential

20. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature20 JV et al, J. Phys. G. 31, 481 Bottom mesons and bottomonium JV et al, Eur. Phys, Jour. A40, 89 Charm mesons and charmoniumStrange mesonLight mesons Quarkonia properties at high temperatures

21. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature21 Strange baryons A. Valcarce et al., Eur. Phy. J. A37, 217 Heavy baryons JV et al., Phys. Rev. C72, 025206 Light baryons JV et al., Phys. Rev. D70, 054022 Doubly Heavy baryons

22. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature22 JV et al., Phys. Rev. D72, 034025 Ligth scalars JV et al., Phys. Rev. D77, 017501 B sj D sj JV et al., Phys. Rev. D73, 034002 N. Barnea et al., Phys. Rev. D73, 054004 cccc states

23. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature23 Non-strange two- baryon systems A. Valcarce et al., Rep. Prog. Phys. 68, 965 (2005) H. Garcilazo et al., Phys. Rev. C76, 034001 (2007) Strange two- baryon systems Predictions A. Valcarce et al., Unpublished S=-2 two- baryon systems Predictions

24. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature24

25. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature25 Pure qqq qqq+MB P. Gonzalez et al.

26. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature26

27. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature27 Molecular states: Probability of physical channels vs. binding energy We multiply the interaction between the light quarks by a fudge factor. This modifies the 4q energy but not the threshold x z y 1 2 3 4 1,2  c3,4  n ccnn

28. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature28 Theorerical Thresholds cncn (I=0). J. Vijande et al., Phys. Rev. D79, 074010 (2009) No deeply bound (compact) states in the ccnn sector.

29. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature29 No compact states in the ccnn sector One compact state in the ccnn sector I.Which is the difference? c c n – n – ccnn – – c n c – n – cncn –– c n c – n – DD — c n c – n – J/J/  + + cc n – n – DD + ccnn

30. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature30 Solving the Lippmann-Schwinger equation for the two meson system (I) (II)

31. Munich, June 16th, 2010Exotic gifts of nature31 J PC (I)=1 ++ (0) J P =1 + and I=1, coupled to J/    Repulsive DD * DD * – J/   X(3872) No charge partners of the X(3872) [ diquark-antidiquark ] T. Fernández-Caramés et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 222001 (2009)