1. Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

2. Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water Florida Benchmarks Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company SC.6.E.6.1 Describe and give examples of ways in which Earth’s surface is built up and torn down by physical and chemical weathering, erosion, and deposition. SC.6.E.6.2 Recognize that there are a variety of different landforms on Earth’s surface such as coastlines, dunes, rivers, mountains, glaciers, deltas, and lakes and relate these landforms as they apply to Florida.

3. Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water Florida Benchmarks Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company MA.6.A.3.6 Construct and analyze tables, graphs, and equations to describe linear functions and other simple relations using both common language and algebraic notation. LA.6.2.2.3 The student will organize information to show understanding (e.g., representing main ideas within text through charting, mapping, paraphrasing, summarizing, or comparing/contrasting).

4. Go with the Flow Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company How does flowing water change Earth’s surface? Rivers and streams move sediment, or tiny grains of broken-down rock.  Erosion is the process in which sediment and other materials are moved from one place to another.  Erosion causes changes to Earth’s surface. Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

5. How does flowing water change Earth’s surface? Materials in rivers and streams are eventually dropped, or deposited, downstream.  Deposition is the process in which eroded material is dropped.  Deposition occurs when gravity’s downward pull on sediment is greater than the push of flowing water or wind. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

6. What factors relate to a stream’s ability to erode material?  A stream’s gradient, discharge, and load are the three main factors that control what sediment a stream can carry. Gradient is the measure of the change in elevation over a certain distance. Rapid water flow over a steep gradient gives a stream a lot of energy to carry rock and soil. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

7. What factors relate to a stream’s ability to erode material? Load is the materials carried by a stream. The size of the particles in a stream’s load is affected by the stream’s speed.  A stream that has a load of large particles has a high erosion rate.  Slow-moving streams have smaller particles and have less erosive energy. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

8. What factors relate to a stream’s ability to erode material? Discharge is the amount of water that a stream carries in a given amount of time. Stream discharge increases after large storms and rapid snow melts. As discharge increases, erosive energy, speed, and load increase. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

9. Run of a River Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company What landforms can streams create? A stream forms as water erodes soil and rock to make a channel. A channel is the path that a stream follows.  Landforms, such as canyons and valleys, are created by the flow of water through streams and rivers. Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

10. Run of a River What landforms can streams create?  After a heavy rainfall, a stream causes more erosion than usual because the stream contains more water and moves faster.  A narrow and steep valley with running water at the bottom of it was most likely first formed by running water.

11. What landforms can streams create? When a stream floods, a layer of sediment is deposited over the flooded land.  A floodplain is a flat area that forms from many layers of deposited sediment. It is near a river that floods occasionally. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

12. What landforms can streams create? When a stream empties into another body of water, its current slows and it deposits its load.  A delta is a fan-shaped pattern of deposited sediment load.  An alluvial fan is a fan-shaped deposit that forms on dry land. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

13. More Waterworks Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company What landforms are made by groundwater erosion?  Groundwater is the water located within the rocks below Earth’s surface. It is water below Earth’s surface. Acidic groundwater can cause erosion by dissolving rock. Underground caves can form.  Sinkholes can form when the roof of a cave collapses. Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

14. What forces shape a shoreline?  A shoreline is the place where land and a body of water meet. Ocean waves and currents, or streamlike movements of water, can cause erosion and deposition. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

15. Surf Versus Turf Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company What coastal landforms are made by erosion?  The rate at which rock erodes depends on the hardness of the rock and the energy of the waves. Gentle waves cause little erosion. Strong waves cause an increase in the rate of erosion. Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

16. Shifting Sands Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company What coastal landforms are made by deposition?  A beach is an area of shoreline that is made up of material deposited by waves and currents. The size and shape of materials on a beach depend on how far the material traveled from its source. The type of material and how it eroded also determine the size and shape of beach particles. Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

17. What coastal landforms are made by deposition?  A sandbar is an underwater or exposed ridge of sand, gravel, or shell material. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 8 Lesson 2 Erosion and Deposition by Water

18.  A barrier island is a long, narrow island, usually made of sand, that forms parallel to the shoreline a short distance offshore.  Large waves crashing across the island would remove the most sand from a barrier island during a storm.

19. The End!!