1. Sui, Tang and Song China Highest Point of Traditional China

2. Sui Dynasty: Reestablishing Unity in China United Han Territory North Turkic Forces Central Asia Turkic and Tibetan Forces South Vietnam and Taiwan

3. Sui Dynasty 581-618 Founded by Yang Juan Becomes Wen Di Capital Changan

4. Sui Dynasty Son Yang Di Harsh Rule Centralized powerful state

5. Religion Buddhism –Stupas Confucianism Daoism

6. Achievements Grand Canal 610 (Yang Di) 600 miles Rice (tax) Great Wall 607 (Shi Huang Di)

7. The Grand Canal

8. Tang Dynasty: Golden Age of Chinese Culture Greatest Expansion (Empress Wu Zhao) –Mongolia- North –Vietnam- South –Korea- East –Kashmir- West Reopened Silk Road

9. Silk Road Connects Asia to the Middle East Export - Silk, porcelain, Jade, bronze, tea Import – glass, rugs, horses, precious metals, cotton, spice, medicine Technology and Religion

10. Military Strength 618 Li Shi Min Father Li Yuan ruled til 626 Dai Zong Controlled generals

11. Mid-Tang— Age of Powerful Women Empress Wu Zetian Wu Zhoa) Took charge after husband had stroke in 660 690 proclaimed herself emperor

12. Foot binding Broken toes by age of 3

13. Foot binding For upper class girls— status symbol and new custom

14. Foot binding in Tang

15. Confucianism 551-497 BCE Bureaucracy – civil service Scholarship important

16. Chinese Arts/Religion Xuan Zong arts reach zenith –Daoist –Harmony with nature –Poetry – Li Bo Confucianism, Buddhism and Daoism flourished –Buddhism threatened –Xenophobia –Monastaries not taxed –Wu Zong (841-847) purged Buddhism

17. Daily Life Scholar class became new ruling elite Equal-field system limited power or rural aristocracy Land reform gave some peasants a chance to gain wealth

18. Yang Guifei Forgets to rule General An Lushan

19. Yang Guifei Consort of Empress Wu’s grandson, Xuanzong He once presided over a brilliant court and patronized the arts Enamored with Yang Guifei and let everything slide

20. Emperor allowed her to put friends and relatives into positions of power in the government General An Lushan –Rebelled in 755 after getting into a quarrel with Yang’s brother over control of the government –Rebellion forced Xuanzong to flee capital city –Troops forced Emperor to have Yang Guifei executed

21. Cost of Rebellion Uighurs (a Turkish people) stop rebellion Looted the capital suppressed in 763 keep meeting the ridiculous demands of the Uighurs

22. Cost of Rebellion To stop the rebellion had to call on alliance with Uighurs (a Turkish people) Looted the capital after taking it from the rebels Rebellion suppressed in 763 Government had to keep meeting the ridiculous demands of the Uighurs

23. The Song Dynasty: Rise of Meritocracy Unity threatened Threatened by Mongols, Jurchens and Khitans (north)

24. Southern Domination 60 years of civil war “Five Dynasties” Zhao Kuang Yin – Tai Zu emperor in 960 Capital Kaifeng captured 1126 by Jurchen Hangzhou - Southern Capital

25. Government by Meritocracy Based on Confucian traditions –Dominated by wealthy (education expensive) –Recommendations –Talent sought from all ranks

26. Civil-Service Examination “Ladder of the Clouds” 4 levels included poetry, gov’t, administration, calligraphy Start at 23 – few pass Became officials, poets and historians

27. Buddhism Chan (Japan, Zen) –Enlightenment through zazen (meditation) –Appealed to elite –Appealed to monks (simplicity) Pure Land –Appealed to lay people Zen Buddhist Monk

28. Merchant Class Tax commerce! Faster growing rice from Cambodia Junks (ships) overseas trade Invention of printing –Paper money