1. Final review Our final exam will be held on Wednesday, May 3rd from 4:00 to 5:50 in room 109 WWH

2. Final format (same as midterm) Part 1: multiple choice Part 2: written –some shorter answers (1 – 3 sentences) –1 longer question (perhaps a page)

3. material Basically anything discussed in class or on the website is fair game. –Nothing Bergen covered More specifically…

4. Code Parts 1 and 2 of the Lessig book REGULABILITY –Chapter 1: Code is Law –Chapter 2: Four Puzzles from Cyberspace –Chapter 3: Is-ism –Chapter 4: Architectures of Control –Chapter 5: Regulating Code CODE AND OTHER REGULATORS –Chapter 6: Cyber-spaces –Chapter 7: What Things Regulate

5. Topics in the News Net neutrality Aol, Yahoo, Goodmail Patriot Act Google in China Search engine data Broadcast flag / audio flag Data mining

6. Networking Arpa: arpanet Internet Circuit switching vs. packet switching Broadband IP address DNS protocol

7. Privacy Anything from the notes What is it? Why is it good? Why is it bad? Third Amendment Public vs private information – how do you disclose your private information? Cookies Credentials Government records National Crime Information Center Code of Fair Information Practices Privacy Act of 1974

8. Privacy (cont) Covert surveillance Wiretaps and bugs Shamrock Fourth Amendment Patriot Act TIA Data mining Two parties of a transaction Encryption Computers are not necessary for an invasion of privacy but they make old threats more potent.

9. Organizations EFF DARPA ICANN Verisign ACM NSA

10. Computer Crime Identity Theft Social security numbers Real ID Act Viruses Worms Trojan Horses Phreaks and Hackers Denial of Service attacks

11. Computer Reliability Data-Entry / Data Retrieval errors NCIC (National Crime Information Center) –March 2003 (arguments on both sides) Software and Billing errors Software Engineering –Specification –Development –Validation (testing) Software Warranties

12. Guest lecture material Copyrights –Original intent of founding fathers: Section 8 (The Powers Clauses) congress shall have the power to Clause 8: To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries; –What it has morphed into –Who owns copyright? –Fair use –Public domain –DCMA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act) –Patents –licenses

13. Guest lecture material Free Software –Free Software and Open Source Software are typically: Copyrighted With a license allowing copying Copying for personal use with no restrictions of any kind at all Redistribution of original software with sources Redistribution of derived works with full sources Derived works must be Free Software –GPL (General Public License)

14. Guest lecture: electronic voting Electronic Voting –Machine types DRE (direct-recording electronic) DRE w/ VVPT (Voter Verified Paper audit Trail) PCOS (Precinct Counted Optical Scan ) –Rating the systems Security Usability Accessibility Cost –Threats Credibility Privacy Change outcome of an election –Catalog attacks (which is most important) $ Time Informed Participants Insiders –Findings All three system vulnerable Vulnerabilities can be remedied Not currently being remedied Software Attacks Least Difficult Parallel Testing Helpful, Problematic Transparent Randomness Key Wireless Systems Present Problems Effective Procedures For Addressing Evidence of Fraud Key

15. Guest lecture material Journalism –Citizen journalism –Blogs Outsourcing –What it is? –Benefits –Costs Creative Commons –Do for culture what the GPL did for software –Licenses Attribution Noncommercial No Derivative Works Share Alike