1. Q1 ppt Basic Needs and Characteristics of Living Things 7 th grade Science

2. I just got something in the mail from an old schoolmate of mine in Chicago, Dr. Pinkos. She has her degree in microbiology from Northwestern University. Dr. Pinkos and her team have found a new life form! Perhaps you read about it last March in the newspaper.

3. Some workers at a construction site involved in sewer construction found what seemed to be a mutated form of a familiar insect. The insect is the common bed bug and has mutated to a much larger size (100 x) that is visible to the human eye. These bed bugs have gotten so large that they can swim. Would you like to see them?

4. Observations Write down as many observations as you can about these sewer lice. What did you observe? Not inferences! What do you think are the characteristics of living things? What do you think all living things need in order to survive?

5. Now the interesting thing about these mutated bed bugs it that they have been found to contain an enormous amount of protein. Dr. Pinkos wonders if they could help to solve problems such as world hunger. These bugs have also shown promise in water purification. Dr. Pinkos speculates that they could be used in sewer treatment plants to purify waste.

6. Is it Living? Listed below are examples of living and nonliving things. Put an X next to the things that could be considered living. Tree Rock Fire boy Wind Rabbit Cloud Feather Grass Seed Egg Bacteria Cell Molecule Sun Mushroom Potato Leaf Butterfly Pupae Fossil Hibernating bear Mitochondria River

7. What rule or reasoning did you use to decide if something could be considered living?

8. Science Court- Living Things Science Court- Living Things

9. Science Court Answers Part 1 1. 1.To classify something means to put it into groups or categories 2. 2.Four characteristics of living things are 1. 1.Grow 2. 2.Reproduce 3. 3.Use energy 4. 4.Made of cells 3. 3.All living things are made of cells 4. 4.An organism is an independent living things made of cells 5. 5.Three examples of living things are: tree, dog, human, bacteria 6. 6.When a leaf is attached to a tree it is alive because it is part of the tree and the tree is alive. However, when the leaf falls off the tree it dies because it is no longer attached to it’s life source.

10. Science Court Answers Part 2 1. 1.Two characteristics of dead things: they were once alive, they cannot grow and they cannot reproduce. 2. 2.The brine shrimp eggs do not show any characteristics of living things. 3. 3.The potential for life means that under the right conditions the object could grow and become alive. 4. 4.Brine shrimp eggs need the right temperature and salinity of water and fish food to hatch. 5. 5.Things that have the potential for life are: seeds, eggs, and tulip bulbs. 6. 6.A hard boiled egg does not have the potential for life because it has gone through a process.

11. Science Court Answers Part 3 1. 1.Nonliving things- rock, cloud, water 2. 2.Living and dead things can become nonliving if they go through a process. 3. 3.Three living things that are now nonliving are a fossil, leather wallet, paper. 4. 4.Snakeskin is dead, it has not gone through a process. 5. 5.A nonliving thing has gone through a process, while an dead thing has not. 6. 6.Paper is nonliving because it went through a process.

12. Is it living? Answers Reassess your answers The following items are living: Tree Boy Rabbit Grass Bacteria Mushroom Butterfly Hibernating Bear Made up of more than one cell and are capable of performing more than one life function.s Potential for life Seed Egg Pupae

13. Characteristics of Living Things Cellular organization- all organisms are made of small building blocks called cells The cell is the basic unit of structure and function in a living thing Unicellular- single celled (paramecium, some algae, bacteria) Multicellular- an organism composed of many cells

14. Contain similar chemicals Water- most abundant chemical in the body and needed for chemical reactions (cellular respiration, digestion, production of hormones and enzymes) Carbohydrates ) Protein, lipids, nucleic acids (DNA)

15. Use Energy Use Energy All living things use energy (to grow, reproduce, repair injured parts) All living things use energy (to grow, reproduce, repair injured parts) Growth and Development Growth and Development Growth- getting larger Growth- getting larger Development- process of change and becoming more complex Development- process of change and becoming more complex Life span Life span

16. Response to surroundings Response to surroundings Stimulus- a change in an organisms surroundings that causes the organism to react. Stimulus- a change in an organisms surroundings that causes the organism to react. Changes in light, temperature, sound Changes in light, temperature, sound Response- an action or a change in behavior Response- an action or a change in behavior The response can be voluntary or involuntary The response can be voluntary or involuntary Homeostasis- the ability to keep ones internal environment the same. Homeostasis- the ability to keep ones internal environment the same. Getting rid of waste Getting rid of waste

17. Reproduction- the ability to produce offspring that are similar to the parents.

18. Basic Needs of Living Things

19. SKIP 2014 Lab: Seed Germination and Inquiry Problem: As you learned yesterday seeds are not alive, but they have the potential for life. What do you think seeds need in order to germinate? Task: You will work with your group to brainstorm about the factors seeds need in order to germinate. List them on your paper. You will plan an experiment to determine the needs for seed germination.

20. SKIP 2014 Brainstorm Session: Needs for Seed Germination Water Light Soil Heat Nitrogen Oxygen Oxygen Nutrients Nutrients

21. Energy- all living things use food and sunlight as energy sources. Autotrophs- make their own food through the process of photosynthesis Heterotrophs- rely on other things to provide food for them.

22. Water- all living things need water It is the most abundant chemical in our body It is important because it helps to dissolve (break down) more chemicals than any other known substance.

23. Living space- all living things need a place to get food, water, and shelter

24. Stable Internal Conditions- all living things need to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the surroundings. HOMEOSTASIS

25. Cells 7 th grade science

26. Atoms and Cells Circle the statement you think best describes the two groups. a. a.Both groups are made of cells b. b.Both groups are made of atoms c. c.Group A is made up of cells; Group B is made up of atoms d. d.Group A is made up of cells and atoms; Group B is made up of atoms e. e.Group A is made up of cells and some things in group B are made up of atoms f. f.Group A and Group B are both made up of cells and atoms.

27. Cell Size How big is a cell? Is a cell larger or smaller than an atom? http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/ content/begin/cells/scale/

28. Cell Size

29. Cells Have Large Surface Area-to-Volume Ratio

30. Introduction to Cells Basic building blocks of life Smallest living unit of an organism Grow, reproduce, use energy, adapt, respond to their environment Many cannot be seen with the naked eye A cell may be an entire organism or it may be one of billions of cells that make up the organism

31. Cells Divided and classified in many ways One common classification method is the presence or absence of a cell nucleus

32. Nucleus Prokaryote – have no nucleus Eukaryote – have a nucleus

33. Prokaryotes Unicellular organisms Kingdom Monera Lacks a cell nucleus Internal structure is less organized and complex than other cells Still have many of the basic internal characteristics

34. Prokaryotes Genetic info (DNA) is contained within the cell Two most common – blue green bacteria and true bacteria

35. Prokaryotes BGB- Have ability to produce their own food like plants Most bacteria get their food from other sources

36. Eukaryotes Have a nucleus Unicellular: May be single celled – Kingdom Protista Multicellular: May have billions of cells like plant and animal kingdoms

37. Eukaryotes Typically are highly organized Infinite number of shapes and purposes Human body has at least 85 different cell types Human body has at least 85 different cell types

38. Level of Organization Cell  Tissue  Organ  Organ System  Organism

39. Organelles Organelles – smaller parts of the cell with specific functions Cell machinery

40. Cell Booklet Task: Create a cell booklet that describes the FUNCTION (job) of each cell organelle (part)

41. Discovery of the Cell Robert Hooke (mid-1600s) Robert Hooke (mid-1600s) Observed sliver of cork Observed sliver of cork Saw “row of empty boxes” Saw “row of empty boxes” Coined the term cell Coined the term cell

42. Cell Theory (1839)Theodor Schwann & Matthias Schleiden “ all living things are made of cells” (50 yrs. later) Rudolf Virchow “all cells come from cells”

43. Cell Theory All living things are made of cells Smallest living unit of structure and function of all organisms is the cell All cells arise from preexisting cells (this principle discarded the idea of spontaneous generation)