1. Aborigines of Australia

2. Location Aborigines who once populated Asia and Indonesia were displaced by Chinese and Indonesian people Aborigines of Tasmania, Torres Straight Islands in north Queensland

3. Climate Australia is the worlds largest island and smallest continent. Much of the center is desert, with rainforests along the coast. The north is tropical with a lot of rivers and vegetation

4. Resources Large animals now extinct and vegetables were a source of food Fresh water was found from trees roots and frogs Land couldn’t be cultivated

5. Type of Economic Lifestyle Hunter/Gatherer Society

6. Decline or Rising Status Population declined when the British arrived in Australia due to introduced diseases which they had no natural resistance against. British and Europeans also committed a genocide against them. Since then the population has increased to 458,520; increasing at a rate of over 6 percent.

7. Migration of Culture It is thought that Modern Man developed in Africa, moved to the middle east, then Asia, and lastly Australia 60,000 years ago People of some kind of watercraft crossed a stretch of water between the islands to the North to reach the southern continent; Australia

8. Government Each individual tribe had their own leader Because they did not form cities they were not considered a civilization

9. Relationships Each clan was a small band of families speaking same dialect or language Each clan had own territory with which they developed a close and dependant relationship

10. Culture 400 tribes with own language and tradition so different nations Some are family groups maintaining hunter/gatherer and ceremonial life, some own a car, wear clothes and men hunt with rifles Some live in larger Aboriginal Communities buying food and needs from a store, sometimes hunter/gathering and maintaining ceremonies and rituals Some live modern European lifestyles Deities have changed, the study of rock paintings, development of the spear-thrower, new stone tool technology Didn’t adopt European Culture

11. Contributions to society/world Returning boomerang from South Eastern Australia, and the Didgeridoo from along very northern Australia

12. Belief System The Dreamtime (mythological past) was the time when spirit ancestors travelled to the land giving it form and setting down rules. Sacred aspect of these stories were only available to initiated adults, women had own ceremonies excluding men, ceremonies and songs where everyone danced

13. Music Children learned songs and stories that embodied knowledge to be passed on to future generations

14. Literature Songs, chants, legends, and stories constituted oral literature

15. Art Rainbow Serpent Mythology were recorded in rock shelter paintings; ancient rock art shows many customs and Ancestral Beings which are like deities or gods. Some paintings show people dressed for ceremony and dancing with similar body decorations to those worn in ceremonies to this day Painting with red ochre pigment

16. Clothing Southern parts wore possum coats, up north wore nothing but body paint. Sometimes rijis, pubic coverings made of pearl shells attached to belt around waist

17. Customs Man grouped himself with a totem which meant responsibility for that totem; people of a kangaroo totem don’t kill kangaroos

18. Cuisine Grubs eaten raw or roasted Karol was a staple food a ground vegetable which needs crushing and washing to wash away poison result is similar to mashed potatoes

19. Education When a boy was born he had to learn the rules of how to stay alive and the rules and traditions that governed his society. He learned how to hunt and fend for himself and follow his father and make tools for fishing

20. Technology Made spears by digging our roots deep in the ground Stone tool technology: Chipping away at the edge of a rock to make a sharp edge for cutting date back 5,000- 6,000 years ago Ground edge axes date back 20,000 Digging small wells and finding natural ones through folklore and ritual

21. Sources http://www.aboriginalculture.com.au/introduction.shtml http://www.apex.net.au/~mhumphry/aborigin.html http://www.gondwananet.com/aboriginal-clothing.html http://www.aboriginalculture.com.au/bushfoods.shtml http://www.skwirk.com/p-c_s-16_u-123_t-335_c- 1156/the-indigenous-population/nsw/geography/changing- australian-communities/australia-s-unique-human- characteristics http://www.edu.gov.mb.ca/k12/cur/socstud/foundation_gr 2/blms/2-2-1c.pdf http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/44025/Austra lian-literature/33324/Aboriginal-narrative-the-oral- tradition