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Pre-AP Physics: Momentum and Impulse
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Agenda 4/1 – 4/2 1. Introduction to Momentum Mini-Lab 2. Momentum Notes 3. Momentum Practice HW: Finish Momentum Practice Problems
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Warm Up What does it mean for a sports team to have “momentum”? What is momentum?
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What are the factors involved with momentum? Materials: golf ball, foam golf ball, ping pong ball, marble Using the materials provided, identify the factors that affect momentum. Using your observations write an equation for momentum.
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Momentum Mass in motion Represented by the symbol, p Is a vector quantity
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Momentum equation Momentum = mass velocity p = m v SI unit is kg*m/s
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Check Your Understanding How can you increase an object’s momentum? An object has a large momentum if either its mass or velocity is large What is the momentum of an object at rest? The momentum of an object at rest is zero.
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Momentum practice An ostrich with a mass of 146kg is running to the right with a velocity of 17m/s. What is the momentum? 2.5 x 10 3 kg*m/s to the right
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Momentum practice (write your answers in scientific notation) A 21kg child is riding a 5.9kg bike with a velocity of 4.5m/s to the northwest. What is the total momentum of the child and the bike together? 1.2 x10 2 kg*m/s to the NW
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Momentum practice What velocity must a car with a mass of 1210kg have in order to have a momentum of 5.6 x 10 4 kg*m/s to the east? 46 m/s to the east
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Momentum and Force An object with momentum can be stopped if a force is applied against it for a given amount of time. The greater the object’s momentum, the greater the force needed to stop it
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Momentum and Force (continued) A force acting for a given amount of time will change an object's momentum. If the force acts opposite the object's motion, it slows the object down. If a force acts in the same direction as the object's motion, then the force speeds the object up.
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Impulse A change in an object’s momentum The physics of collisions is governed by the laws of momentum
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Impulse-Momentum Theorem Is closely related to Newton’s 2 nd Law of motion Ft = p or Ft = m(v f -v i ) Force x time interval= change in momentum
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Impulse and Car Crashes Use impulse to explain how air bags keep you safe in a car crash. Ft = m(v f -v i )
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