1. Commonly misused words

2. Recognize the distinctions among related words. 3 or more; Among my friends  Among  Among● Between  2 only; 2 only; Between Fred and me Adjective; A good essay  Good ● Well  Adverb; He writes well. To place your body down  Lie ● Lay  To place anything else down

3. Know the difference that a single new letter can make. Before a word beginning with a consonant [sound]  A  A● An An An An  Before a word beginning with a vowel [sound] Before  Already ● All ready  Completely prepared To suffer the deprivation of  Lose ● Loose  Free from restraint Verb; past tense of are  Were ● Where  A place

4. Know the difference that an apostrophe can make. Possessive pronoun; belonging to it  Its  Its● It’s  Contraction for it is or it has Possessive pronoun; belonging to whom  Whose ● Who’s  Contraction for who is or who has Possessive pronoun; belonging to you  Your ● You’re  Contraction for you are

5. Know the difference a change to a single letter can make. Noun form  Advice  Advice● Advise  Verb form Usually a verb  Affect ● Effect  Usually a noun City, wealth, important  Capital ● Capitol  The building for lawmaking To quote  Cite  Cite● Site  A location Rough  Coarse ● Course  Path, route Praise  Compliment ● Complement  Goes well with Put in place  Set Set Set Set● Sit Sit Sit Sit  Be seated Unchanging  Stationary ● Stationery  Paper Indicates comparison  Than ● Then  Next

6. Don’t let these homonyms [sound alike words] confuse you. Agree to or receive  Accept  Accept● Except  Leave out Plural present of the verb be  Are ● Our  Possessive pronoun; belonging to us Past tense of pass  Passed ● Past  Gone, by Chief [person], main  Principal ● Principle  Truth or rule Correct, a just claim, a direction  Right ● Write  Make letters with an instrument Sight, touch, hearing, smell, taste  Sense ● Since  Adverb, conjunction, or preposition Past tense of throw  Threw ● Through  Beyond State of the atmosphere  Weather ● Whether  Introduces an alternative

7. Often misused words. In reference to location  Beside  Beside● Besides  Leave out, exclude To suggest  Imply ● Infer  To interpret, draw a conclusion Something that already exists and is found  Discover ● Invent  Something you create Distance  Farther ● Further  Something not measurable by distance Go INTO a country  Immigrate ● Emigrate  EXIT a country To lift up something  Raise ● Rise  To lift yourself Something that CAN be counted out You are capable of doing something  Fewer  Can ● Less  May  Something that CANNOT be counted You have permission to do something

8. To, Too, Two Use to as a preposition. Jonathan drove to the seafood shop. Use to to begin an infinitive. He hoped to buy fresh squid. Use too to show degree. The squid was too expensive to purchase. Use too as a synonym for also. The octopus was fresh, too. Use two when you mean the number. Jonathan bought two flounder filets instead.

9. There, Their, They’re Use there as an expletive, a placeholder to delay the subject. There is a turtle in the road. Use there to indicate place. Across the road is a lake. The turtle hopes to get there before a car hits him. Use their as a possessive pronoun. Most drivers don’t see the turtle; their eyes are glued to their cell phones. Use they’re as a contraction for they are. They’re also distracted by other devices, like the radio and navigation system.

10. Final Word Don’ts  *NEVER use a double negative. (“can’t hardly”), (“not never”), etc.  *NEVER use “of” in place of “have”  (“could of”)  *Do not use an apostrophe + “s” for plural words  *NEVER add an “s” to words such as “somewhere” or “anyway”