1. Individual Behavior in Organizations
Self-Concept, Personality, Abilities, and Emotions

2. An Instructional Road Map for the study of Individual Differences
The Unique Individual
Personality traits
Personal values
Attitudes/behavioral intentions
Self-concept:
- Self-esteem
- Self-efficacy
- Self-monitoring
- Organizational
identification
Forms of Self-Expression
Abilities
Emotions
Job satisfaction

3. person’s self-perception as a physical, social, spiritual being.
Self-concept
person’s self-perception as a physical, social, spiritual being.

4. Self-esteem: One’s overall self-evaluation.
Self-efficacy: Belief in one’s ability to do a task.
Self-monitoring: Observing one’s own behavior and adapting it to the situation.
Organizational identification: Organizational values or beliefs become part of one’s self-identity.

5. A Model of How Self-Efficacy Beliefs Can Pave the way for success or failure
Sources of
Self-Efficacy Belief
Feedback
Behavioral Patterns
Results
Be active.
Manage the situation.
Set goals.
Plan, prepare, practice.
Try hard; persevere
Creatively solve problems.
Learn from setbacks.
Visualize success.
Limit stress.
Prior experience
High “I know I can do this job.”
Success
Behavior models
Self-efficacy
belief
Be passive
Avoid difficult tasks.
Develop weak aspirations and low commitment.
Focus on personal deficiencies.
Don’t even try
Quit or become discouraged because of setbacks
Blame setbacks on lack of ability or bad luck
Worry, experience stress, become depressed.
Think of excuses for failing.
Persuasion from others
Low “I don’t think I can get the job done.”
Failure
Assessment of physical/
emotional state

6. What Are Your Self-Monitoring Tendencies?

7. Proactive Personality
Stable physical and mental characteristics responsible for a person’s identity
Proactive Personality
Action-oriented person who shows initiative and preservers to change things

8. Openness to Experience
Big Five Personality Dimensions
Conscientiousness
Careful, dependable, responsible
Agreeableness
Courteous, cooperative, trusting
Emotional Stability
Unworried, secure, relaxed
Openness to Experience
Imaginative, flexible, broad-minded
Extroversion
Outgoing, talkative, sociable

9. Four problem-solving style summaries
Sensation-Thinking
Technical detail oriented, logical analysis of hard data, precise, orderly, careful about rules procedures, dependable, responsible
Good at: observing, ordering, filing, recalling
Goal: do it correctly
Sensation-Feeling
Interpersonal, specific human detail,
friendly, sympathetic, open communication
respond to people now
Good at: Empathizing, Cooperating
Goal: to be helpful
Intuitive-Thinking
Speculative, emphasize understanding, synthesize, interpret, logic oriented ideas, objective, impersonal, idealistic
Good at: discovery, inquiry, problem solving
Goal: to think things through
Intuitive-Feeling
Insightful, mystical, idealistic, personal, creative, original, global ideas, oriented to people, human potential
Good at: imagining, new combinations
Goal: to make things beautiful F T I

10. Bill Gates, would score high on the conscientiousness dimension of the Big Five model.
His success stems from his personality- an intensive derive to succeed, persistence, personal intensity, brilliant intellect, and competitiveness.
Gate’s personality has influenced the culture- and success- of Microsoft and made him the most famous business celebrity in the world.

11. Locus of control: Self or Environment?
Internal locus of control: Attributing outcomes to one’s own actions.
External locus of control: Attributing outcomes to circumstances beyond one’s control

12. Ability: Stable characteristic responsible for a person’s maximum physical or mental performance
Skill: Specific capacity to manipulate objects.

13. Mental Abilities Underlying Performance
Ability
Description
Verbal comprehension
The ability to understand what words mean and to readily comprehend what is read
2. Word fluency
The ability to produce isolated words that fulfill specific symbolic or structural requirements
3. Numerical
The ability to make quick and accurate arithmetic computations such as adding and subtracting
4. Spatial
Being able to perceive spatial patterns and to visualize how geometric shapes would look if transformed in shape or position
5. Memory
Having good rote memory for paired words, symbols, lists of numbers, or other associated items.
6. Perceptual speed
The ability to perceive figures, identity similarities and differences, and carry out tasks involving visual perception.
7. Inductive reasoning
The ability to reason from specifics of general conclusion.

14. Performance Depends on the Right Combination of Effort, Ability, and Skill

15. Multiple Intelligences?
Linguistic intelligence
Logical-mathematical intelligence
Musical intelligence
Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
Spatial intelligence
Interpersonal intelligence
Intrapersonal intelligence
Naturalist intelligence

16. Emotions: An Emerging OB Topic
Complex human reactions to personal achievements and setbacks that may be felt and displayed.

18. Positive and Negative Emotions
Negative emotions (Goal incongruent): - Anger - Fright/anxiety - Guilt/shame - Sadness - Envy/jealousy - Disgust
Positive emotions (Goal congruent) - Happiness/joy - Pride - Love/affection - Relief

19. Emotional Intelligence

20. Class Assignment Define the following statements: Personality traits
Personal values
Attitudes/behavioral intentions
How do these elements effect the behavior of individuals in an organization?
Class Assignment