1. Effect of Elevated Atmospheric CO2 Concentration to Plant Respiration
A. SAEPULLOH ( )
ACHMAD FACHRUROZI ( )
AGUNG JOKO I. ( )
ALIKA MUSTARI M. ( )
AMALIA FITRI ( )
ANARITA DIANA ( )
ARKHAN JANNATAN ( )
ASEP YUSUF ( )
ASSYFA MUZDALIFA ( )
AULIA ADILAH JAHIBI ( )

2. Are there direct effects of CO2 on whole plants?
Plants have been grown at [CO2] elevated only at night-time to assess the long-term consequences of the previously considered direct effects of CO2
on respiration rates. Although most of these studies have found that growth patterns were altered in plants exposed to high night-time [CO2], these effects cannot be attributed to direct effects of [CO2] on respiration for reasons explained above

3. Indirect Effect
Indirect CO2 effects represent changes in tissue respiration in response to plant growth at elevated atmospheric [CO2], because of changes in tissue composition. Other indirect effects of [CO2] on plant respiration include changes in growth or response to environmental stress, as well as changes in the respiratory demand for energy relative to that of plants grown at ambient [CO2].

4. Such indirect effects of plant growth at elevated [CO2] can be detected as a reduction in CO2 emission (or O2 consumption) from plant tissues when measured at ambient [CO2].

5. High CO2 increased plant respiration, which are:
Potentially affect the plant leaves are c3 plants grown in high carbon dioxide level is estimated to be more than respiration on the leaves that grow under current atmospheric conditions, and can increase yields.
Plants draw co2 from the atmosphere to the process of making glucose during photosynthesis.
C3 plants are exposed to excess co2 is high.

6. The Other Advantages of CO2 Elevated
Generally grow larger leaves are larger or thicker and accumulate more strach.
Increase the volume and length of roots.
Can cause higher carbohydrate and low nitrogen content of small cereal grain.

7. The Weakness of CO2 Elevated
The increase in temperature detrimental to seed production
Each crop has an optimum temperature for the growth proccess of reproduction
Seed yield decrased by about 10% with zero at approximately 10 degree above the optimum temperature
Seed yield decreased to zero at around 32 degree for climet on the red been cultivars
40 degree for climate warming cultivars peanuts and soybeans

8. In theory, photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE), defined here as the net amount of CO2 assimilated per unit of leaf N, has the potential to increase in C3 plants grown at elevated [CO2] in that photosynthetic acclimation provides an opportunity to optimize the distribution of N to maximize C gain

9. Important lessons about impacts on plant carbon, nitrogen, and watier relations
Carbon uptake is enhanced by elevated CO2 despite acclimation of photosynthetic capacity.
Photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency increases at elevated CO2.
Water use at both leaf and canopy scales declines at elevated CO2.

10. Some studies suggest that increases in ecosystem-level plant respiration in ecosystems exposed to elevated [CO2] mainly occur in below-ground plant tissues, which in turn may stimulate soil respiration rates.

11. The general conclusion that direct effects
of [CO2] on plant respiration are not to be considered in
plant growth or carbon cycle models
However, whole
ecosystem studies show that canopy respiration does not
increase proportionally to increases in biomass when natural
ecosystems are exposed to elevated atmospheric [CO2]