1. ‘poetry’ from the Greek, poietes, to make

2. Parallelism One line = a colon A pair of lines = a bi-colon

3. Synonymous Parallelism Psalm 15.1 Who shall dwell in your tents? Who shall dwell on your holy hill?

4. James Kugel, Robert Alter Not synonymity; rather ‘continuity’: ‘A, and what’s more, B’ Psalm 118.8 Smoke went up from his nostrils And devouring fire from his mouth Glowing coals flamed forth from him.

5. Antithetical Parallelism The second line contrasts with the first: Proverbs 10.5 A child who gathers in summer is prudent. But a child who sleeps in harvest brings shame.

6. Climactic Parallelism Line by line, the verse ascends to a climax: Psalm 92.9 For your enemies, O Yhwh, for your enemies shall perish; all evildoers shall be scattered.

7. Judges 4.19 Judges 5.25 Then he said to her, ‘Please give me a little water to drink; for I am thirsty.’ So she opened a skin of milk and gave him a drink and covered him. He asked water and she gave him milk She brought him curds in a lordly bowl.

8. Adele Berlin ‘Hebrew Poetry’ in the New Interpreter’s Bible, Vol. IV, p. 301ff