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Reproductive System Chapter 39-3
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Function: Produce ova (eggs) and prepare the body to nourish a developing embryo Uterine tube: egg transport Uterus: embryo development Cervix: entrance to uterus Vagina: birth canal Anal Canal: waste excretion Perineum: skin between anus and vagina Ovary: produces eggs Bladder: urine storage Pubic bone: part of pelvis Labia minora Labia majora entrance to vagina Clitoris: external genitalia }
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Function: Produce and deliver sperm Penis: external reproductive organ Urethra: carries urine from bladder to outside of body; tube through which semen is released
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Seminal vesicle: produces seminal fluid (semen without the sperm) Prostate gland: seminal fluid Bulbourethral gland: seminal fluid Vas deferens: tube for sperm transport Epididymis: sperm maturation and storage Testis: sperm production Scrotum: external sac containing testes
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Sperm Structure Nucleus Head Tail (flagellum) Midpiece
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Pathway of sperm 1. Testes produces sperm 2. Epididymis: sperm maturation and storage 3. Vas deferens: tube that transfers sperm from the epididymis to urethra 4. Urethra: Tube that leads out of body through penis
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Pathway of an egg Released from ovary during ovulation Released from ovary during ovulation Travels through the Fallopian tube Travels through the Fallopian tube –If fertilization occurs, it occurs while it is still in the tube Can implant in the uterus for development Can implant in the uterus for development
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FERTILIZATION/ZYGOTE FORMATION (1) In humans, fertilization occurs in the oviduct or fallopian tube (2) The fusion of the egg and sperm results in the formation of a zygote.
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Childbirth Baby grows in the uterus for 40 weeks (9 months) Baby grows in the uterus for 40 weeks (9 months) Turns upside down to prepare for birth Turns upside down to prepare for birth Cervix will dilate (get larger) due to hormones Cervix will dilate (get larger) due to hormones Baby moves from uterus, through the cervix and into the vagina (birth canal) Baby moves from uterus, through the cervix and into the vagina (birth canal) Placenta is attached to the baby via the umbilical cord, it is birthed after the child Placenta is attached to the baby via the umbilical cord, it is birthed after the child
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What two body systems regulate menstruation, pregnancy, and childbirth? Reproductive system and endocrine system Reproductive system and endocrine system
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What is the average cycle length? 28 days 28 days NOT EVERYONE’S IS THAT LENGTH AND A WOMAN’S CYCLE CAN VARY MONTH TO MONTH. NOT EVERYONE’S IS THAT LENGTH AND A WOMAN’S CYCLE CAN VARY MONTH TO MONTH.
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What occurs when the hormone LH peaks? LH is luteinizing hormone and FSH is follicle stimulating hormone.
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What days on the chart show the menstruation phase? Days 1-5
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When can a woman become pregnant? The several days around OVULATION The several days around OVULATION Ovulation on average is 14 days after the first day of menstruation. This is not everyone, but the average. Ovulation on average is 14 days after the first day of menstruation. This is not everyone, but the average.
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