2. Negative words and negative statements Grammar and usage

3. Read these sentences. I am not a student. I was unhappy during my holiday last year. I want to know whether you still remember me or not. He seldom goes swimming in summer.

4. Do you find the same feature in these sentences? They are negative statements.

5. How to use negative statements? And why do we use negative statements? Discuss with your partner.

6. 否定句的类型和用法 1. auxiliary verb + not I don’t think so. It won’t rain tomorrow. He hasn’t finished his homework yet.

7. 2. not paired with other words It’s not uncommon to find her reading the newspaper. Not all the students like the new teacher.

8. 3. There are many other negative expressions. Some common ones are hardly, far from, seldom, unless, would rather … than free from, and. Pip can hardly wait to begin his new life. Pip’s sister seldom has a kind word to say.

9. 4. Complete negation no, neither, none or nothing. Neither of the two sisters likes music. None could put up with her bad temper. It has nothing to do with you.

10. 5. Partial negation when words like all, both, everyone and everything are used in negative sentences. Everything you told me is not interesting. I do not remember all those names.

11. --- Must I turn off the gas after cooking? --- Of course. You can never be ____ careful with that. A. enough B. too C. so D. very 解析： never be too careful 表示 “ 怎么小心也 不为过 ” 。 enough 修饰形容词要后置。 not 与 too... to.. 句型连用常译为 “ 非常；再... 也不 为过 ” 。 B

12. I agree with most of what you said but I don't agree with _____. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 解析 : 考查考生对部分否定句 not... everything 的理解。 I don’t agree with everything. 是一个部分否定的句子，强 调我不完全同意你讲的一切。 A

13. --- How do you find your new classmates? --- Most of them are kind but ______ is so good to me as Bruce. A. none B. no one C. everyone D. some one 解析：根据 but 和 so... as 结构可知使用否 定词。 none 用来回答 “ 数量 ” 为 “…… 但没 有一个 ，而 no one 用来回答 “ 对象 ” ，原 句译为 “ 没有一个像 Bruce 那样对我好 ” 。 A

14. I must be getting fat. I can _____ do my trousers up. A. fairly B. hardly C. nearly D. seldom 解析： hardly 几乎不， 而 seldom 表很少。 根据句意答案选 B 。

15. It is _____ to spend money on preventing illness by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people _____ after they are ill. A. good; good B. well; better C. better; better D. better; good 解析：答案为 C 。本题是一个含蓄否定句, 意 思为 “ 这种把钱用于预防疾病而不是治病的 方式更好。 ” better 是 good, well 的比较级， 在此句中分别表示更好、使人身体好或健康 的意思。影响该题的解答主要在于理解 rather than 后面这部分的意义。

16. More sample sentences. My legs were so weak that I could hardly stand. The traditional arts are far from disappearing. Unless you read the novel yourself, you will never know what happens at the end. I am wealthy and free from needing a job simply because of the courses I took.

17. 变否定句时, 某些形容词、不定代词、副 词等也随之改变。例如 : 1. I can see some mountains far away. → I can't see any mountains far away. 2. He has already had breakfast. → He hasn't had breakfast yet. 3.We can swim, too. → We can't swim, either. 4. Jim likes meat a little. → Jim doesn't like meat at all.

18. 当主句谓语动词是 think, suppose, believe, guess 和 imagine 等时, 后面的宾语从句要 表示否定意义时, 通常将 not 提到主句的位 置上。例如 : I think his proposal is valuable. → I don't think his proposal is valuable.

19. 英语句子中常可见到两个表示否定意义的 词连用的情况， 这一现象常称为双重否 定。 这种句子形式上虽为否定， 实则表 示强烈的肯定语气。能够起到一般否定句 和肯定句所不具备的表达功能。 It’s not a good idea to drive for four hours without a break. There is nothing unexpected. They never meet without quarreling ．

20. 没有否定意义的否定句 语句的表达中有些句子虽然含有表示否定 意义的词, 但整个句子表达的却是肯定的 意思。现归纳如下： 一、 在含有 cannot 短语的一些句子中 1. cannot help +doing 禁不住 …… 2. cannot but + do; cannot help but + do; cannot choose + do 不得不 …… 3. cannot... too 越 …… 越好

21. 二、 nobody / nothing / no one... but... 不 过是 ……; 只 …… Nothing but a miracle can save her now. 三、在表示双重否定的句子中。如 : Without water, nothing could live. I cannot go without getting my lessons done.

22. 四、在一些句型中 1. 在 not... until 句型中意为 " 直到 …… 才 " He didn't come back until late in the evening. 2. 在 not only... but also 句型中意为 " 不 但 …… 而且 " Not only boys but also girls are invited to the party. 3. 在 no sooner... than; hardly / scarcely / barely... when 句型中意为 “ 一 …… 就 ” I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.

23. 五、在一些短语中 nothing / not much / little to choose between the two ( 两者差不多 ); no more than( 仅有 ); no less than... ( 有 …… 之多 ; 正 好 ); not a little ( 很 ; 非常 ); not the less ( 还是 ; 仍旧 ) 等。 There is not much to choose between the two. 两者不相上下。 I'm no more than an ordinary worker.

24. (2001, 上海 ) As I know, there is _____ car in this neighborhood. A. no such B. no a C. not such D. no such a A

25. (2005, 北京 ) Scientists think that the continents ______ always where they _____ today. A. aren’t; are B. aren’t; were C. weren’t; are D. weren’t; were C

26. (2008, 浙江 ) — I’ d like some more cheese. — Sorry, there’s _____left. A. some B. none C. a little D. few B

27. (2007, 上海 ) — How was the televised debate last night? —Super! Rarely ___ so much media attention. A. a debate attracted B. did a debate attract C. a debate did attract D. attracted a debate B

28. (2007, 湖南 ) Reality is not the way you wish things to do, nor the way they appear to be, ____ the way they actually are. A. as B. or C. but D. and C

29. (2008, 山东 ) Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we _____ it without you. A.can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed B

30. Language points He is raised with other children who also have no parents. raise v. 引起, 养育 His long absence raised our fears about his safety. They were both raised in the south.

31. Oliver gets arrested by the police and is taken to court. arrest v. / n. 逮捕，拘留 He was arrested on a charge of murder. arrest sb. for sth. 因 …… 逮捕某人 She was under arrest on a charge of bribery.

32. He pities Oliver, takes him home, and tries to reform him. pity sb. = take pity on sb. 同情某人；怜悯某人 I pity him having to work such long hours every day.

33. … he will have no real family and none of the love he deserves, but only bad luck. deserve v. 值得，应得， 应受 What you did deserves our respect. You deserve a rest after all the hard work.

34. Complete the sentences with the negative words. not uncommon can’t … too … not many would rather … than …

35. 1.Many students _____________ read contemporary novels _____ classics. 2.It is ______________ for students to have difficulty understanding classics. 3._________ students in my class had read Oliver Twist, so I told them the story. 4.You _____ be _____ careful when collecting these statistics. would rather than not uncommon Not many can’ttoo

36. 1. He seldom watches TV on weekends, _______? A. doesn’t he B. does he C. is he D. isn’t he 2. Yesterday evening his mother told him something while he was playing games, but _______ what she said. A. a little did he hear B. little he heard C. little did he hear D. a little heard he Choose the best answers. B C

37. 3. Try to retell the story in your own words. _______ afraid of making mistakes. A. Not to be B. Don’t be C. Never to be D. Never being 4. —Aren’t you surprised to see the famous star in our class? —Yes! I really _______ expect that he would be able to come to our school. A. didn’t B. did C. don’t D. do B A

38. 5. There are many books on the desk, but _______ of them are of any use to my report. A. nothing B. no one C. neither D. none 6. It is impossible that a person ______ any mistakes. Everyone makes mistakes some time. A. make B. made C. never make D. didn’t make D C

39. 7. We cannot ________ travel at the same time; one of us has to stay at home looking after Grandpa. A. both B. none C. either D. nobody A

40. 1. 尽管他们的英语说得很好, 但是他们两个人 都不是来自说英语的国家。 ______ ______ _____ _____ ______ an English-speaking country, though they both speak English very well. 2. 人们直到失去了健康才知道健康的可贵。 People ______ ______ usually realize the importance of good health ______ they lose it. Complete the sentences. Neither of them comes from do not until

41. 3. 直到星期六下午, 他才安排我跟他姐姐见 面。 It ______ _____ _____ Saturday afternoon that he finally arranged for me to meet his sister. was not until

42. 4. 不久他就告诉了我们所发生的一切。 It _____ ____ _____ ______he told us what had happened. 5. 对他取得的成就我们怎么赞扬也不过分。 We ______ ______ praise his achievement _______ _______. 6. 并非每个人都能回答这个问题。 Everyone ______ _______ answer this question. was not long before can not too much can not