1. Tel: +44 (0) 870 3510 554 Fax: +44 (0) 870 3510 555 Email: captains@marineprofessionals.co.uk Website: www. marineprofessionals.co.uk 4th Floor Lloyd’s Building 12 Leadenhall Street LONDON EC3V 1LP Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  Consultancy  Claims Support Piracy Captain John L. David Dublin IMCC 2007 26 th October 2007

2. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Introduction  Piracy goes back to 13 th Cent. BC  Julius Cesar - captured  St Patrick- Irish Pirates  Chinese mid-Qing Dynasty  Stalin (at least twice)  Vikings were probably the best  Caribbean Dutch and English

3. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support The Myth

4. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support “Is that man wearing underwear Mister Mate?”

5. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support The Reality

6. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support The Deterrent

7. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Definitions  Kidnapping for ransom  Robbery  Murder  Seizure of items/the vessel  Sabotage leading to sinking

8. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support International Law  Article 101 UNCLOS (a) any illegal acts of violence or detention, or any act of depredation, committed for private ends by the crew or the passengers of a private ship or a private aircraft, and directed: (i) on the high seas, against another ship or aircraft, or against persons or property on board such ship or aircraft; (ii) against a ship, aircraft, persons or property in a place outside the jurisdiction of any State; (b) any act of voluntary participation in the operation of a ship or of an aircraft with knowledge of facts making it a pirate ship or aircraft; (c) any act of inciting or of intentionally facilitating an act described in subparagraph (a) or (b).

9. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Piracy or not?  Territorial waters - 12 mile limit  Within the jurisdiction of the state they are not “pirates”, nor is it “piracy”  Without commission from a sovereign nation

10. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Statistics  IMB Statistical purposes  Piracy + Armed Robbery  “An act of boarding or attempting to board any ship with the apparent intent or capability to use force in the furtherance of that act”.

11. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Pirates?

12. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Piracy Practices Today  Small fast boats/mother ships  Small Navies – major trade routes  Quick in and out - ruthless  Money and personal effects  Cargo/entire vessel/Phantom ships

13. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support

14. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Figure To Date  15 killed in 2006 (+3 still missing)  9 months into 2007  Piracy+armed robbery up14% from 2006  Nigeria + Somalia even more dangerous  198 attacks (vs174 same period 2006)  15 vessels hijacked: 172 hostages  More than 50 attacks at anchor  25% attacks on Bulk Carriers

15. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Piracy Africa

16. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Top 10 - 2006  239 ships attacked in 2006  168 in:  Indonesia (50) Bangladesh (47), Nigeria (12) Malacca (11) Somalia (10) Malaysia (10), Red Sea (10) Tanzania (9), Peru (9)  Brasil moving into the charts  Somalia 26 already this year

17. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Toys  Inventus UAV: Unmanned plane with a camera  Secure-Ship Electric fence for ships  ShipLoc: Satellite tracking exact location of vessels

18. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Recent Cases  “ACHILLE LAURO” (1985)  PLO, Egypt, Klinghoffer  Collision “OCEAN BLESSING” + “NAGASAKI SPIRIT”(1992)  Hijack, Malacca, autopilot 2 survived  “CHANG SONG” (1998)  Customs, 23 killed, Firing squad  “DANICA WHITE”  $1.4 million ransom

19. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support To Consider?  Coverage and Claims  Shot Crew- Malaria  Cargo cover in jeopardy? Delay, damage, SOL cover  Hull “damage” weed, leak, maintain  Off Hire, no stores or fuel, speed + performance  Recovery issues “safe voyage”?

20. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Return to Traditional Punishment

21. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Punishment – Change?

22. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support It was a dark and stormy night

23. Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  C onsultancy  Claims support Questions

24. Tel: +44 (0) 870 3510 554 Fax: +44 (0) 870 3510 555 Email: captains@marineprofessionals.co.uk Website: www. marineprofessionals.co.uk 4th Floor Lloyd’s Building 12 Leadenhall Street LONDON EC3V 1LP Marine Professionals Casualty Investigation  Consultancy  Claims Support Piracy Captain John L. David Dublin IMCC 2007 26 th October 2007