1. How can you estimate simply the cardiovascular risk of your patients?

2. *CVD: cardiovasuclar diseases The SCORE CHART Sytematic COronary Risk Evaluation Resting heart rate (RHR) an important and independent risk factor for CVD. Inclusion of resting heart rate in a risk estimation system for primary prevention. (eg, SCORE) may be beneficial. SCORE is a risk estimation system recommended by the European guidelines on CVD prevention. SCORE 1 estimates 10-year CVD mortality risk based on gender, age, country of origin, total cholesterol, smoking status, and systolic blood pressure. 1. Conroy RM, et al. Eur Heart J. 2003;24:987–1003. Figure 1. Original SCORE chart. 1

3. 1. Cooney MT et al. Eur Heart J. 2010;31:2141–2147. Simple resting HR formula (age, gender, smoking, BMI, and resting HR) I.There is increasing interest in the use of risk estimation systems, which use only easily measured variables. II. RHR is particularly suitable for inclusion in this type of risk estimation system: i.RHR us an important and independent risk factor for CVD ii.It is a measure, which is simple and inexpensive to obtain III.The National FINRISK study, a prospective population-based observational study, was the data set used for the derivation of a new simple chart for estimation of 10-year percentage risk of cardiovascular disease mortality including RHR 1

4. 1. Cooney MT et al. Eur Heart J. 2010;31:2141–2147. Figure 2. Chart for estimation of 10-year risk of CVD mortality 1 (using only age, gender, smoking, BMI, and resting heart rate) Simplifying CV risk estimation using heart rate NEW

5. I.Resting heart rate is simple to measure and inexpensive to obtain II.Heart rate could be routinely measured in the assessment of CVD risk. III.Simple CV risk estimation system using resting heart rate enhances cost-effectiveness and accessibility of risk estimation Clinical implications Cooney MT et al. Eur Heart J. 2010;31:2141–2147.