1. Iraq-A land in turmoil Iraq-A land in turmoil Mrs. Reed via Mrs. Barker 8 th Grade Geography 8 th Grade Geography

2. Objectives  What were the key elements in Iraq’s history?  What are Iraq’s government and economy like?  What is the makeup of Iraq’s population?

3. Key events in Iraq’s History  The history of Mesopotamia, an ancient region in Iraq, stretches back to some of the world’s first civilization

4. Chronology of Mesopotamia  Mesopotamia Sumer MesopotamiaSumer MesopotamiaSumer  Kings of Assyria Kings of Babylon Kings of Assyria Kings of Babylon Kings of Assyria Kings of Babylon

5. Sumerian -spans the 5th to 3rd millennia BC  The Sumerian was a civilization and a historical region located in Southern Iraq (Mesopotamia), known as the Cradle of civilization IraqMesopotamiaCradle of civilizationIraqMesopotamiaCradle of civilization

6. Babylonia-18th century until the 6th century BCE.  The Babylonian was a state in Lower Mesopotamia (Iraq), with Babylon as its capital. Babylonia emerged when Hammurabi (fl. ca. 1728 – 1686 BC, short chronology) created an empire out of the territories of the former kingdoms of Sumer and Akkad. Lower MesopotamiaIraqBabylon Hammurabifl. short chronologySumerAkkadLower MesopotamiaIraqBabylon Hammurabifl. short chronologySumerAkkad

7. Assyrians 2400 BC to 612 BC Assyrians 2400 BC to 612 BC  The Assyrians were Semitic people living in the northern reaches of Mesopotamia; they have a long history in the area,

8. Persians-500 B.C  Persians conquered Mesopotamia in the 500s B.C

9. Arabs-600 A.D.  The Arabs conquered Mesopotamia in the A.D. 600s. The people of the area gradually converted to Islam.

10. Baghdad  Baghdad became one of the world’s greatest centers of trade and culture. It was destroyed by the Mongols in 1258.

11. Ottoman Empire-1500  Mesopotamia becomes part of the Ottoman Empire.

12. WWI  During World War I, Mesopotamia was taken over by the British.

13. Kingdom of Iraq-1932  In 1932, the kingdom of Iraq and place a pro-British ruler in power. (Faisal)

14. 1950s Coup d’e’ tat  1950s, a group of army officers overthrew the government.

15. Ba’ath Party 1968  Ba’ath Party takes over the reigns of the government in 1968  In the late 1970s Saddam Hussein seizes political power in Iraq.

16. Saddam Hussein-1980  Saddam Hussein hopes to capitalize on the confusion that follows the Iranian Revolution. He invades Iran.

17. Iraq & Iran War  The war continues from 1980 well into 1988. Hundred of thousands perish in the war. The war destroys each countries economy. The war ends as a stalemate.

18. Iraq invades Kuwait-1990  Claiming that Kuwait was once part of Iraq, Saddam Hussein invades Kuwait. He wishes to control their oil reserves as well as their access to the Persian Gulf.

19. Desert Storm-1991  Great Britain and the U.S. form a alliance with several other countries to push Saddam and his army out of Kuwait.