1. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 1 Status of the Beta-Beam in the EURISOL Design Study Michael Benedikt, AB Division, CERN Part I:Eurisol Design Study Preparation Part II:Planning of the Beta-Beam Task

2. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 2 “Three orders of magnitude better” EURISOL Design Study – Goals: “Three orders of magnitude better” Production of an Engineering Oriented Design (EOD), of the facility, in particular in relation to its most technologically advanced aspect (i.e. excluding the detailed design of standard elements of the infrastructure). Technical Design Report for EURISOL. Conceptual Design Report for Beta-Beam (first study). Carrying out the Technical Preparatory Work (TPW) related to components, subsystems, material or techniques (dedicated software is included) that are critical for the future development of the new facility.

3. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 3 FP6-INFRASTRUCTURES EURISOL Design Study Total budget for the call:70 M€ Requested budget:About 9 M€ Deadline:4 March 2004 Pre-notification proposal:before the end of 2003 Acronym:EURISOL DS Consortium agreement:not required Duration of the project:48 months WRITING GROUP:G. Fortuna (coordinator), P. Butler, Y. Blumenfeld, M. Lindroos (beta beam) COORDINATING INSTITUTION:GANIL Technical Coordinator: John Cornell

4. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 4 Preparation of EURISOL DS Proposal Important Milestones NOVEMBER 14 ORSAY: First open meeting of Task Leaders and Writing Group. Presentations of provisional work planning for all tasks and discussions. JANUARY 8 Deadline for preparation of advanced description of the tasks containing: work planning, milestones, deliverables and requested resources. JANUARY 19-21 BRUSSELS: Meeting of the Writing Group for preliminary analysis of documentations sent by task leaders. First check of global coherence and requested resources. Feed-back with instructions to task leaders. JANUARY 26-27 PARIS: Joint meeting of Writing Group and EURISOL Steering Committee to examine status and global coherence of the DS proposal. FEBRUARY 16-18 th CERN: Open meeting of the Writing Group and Task Leaders for the update of the draft proposal. Plenary meeting of the Writing Group. FEBRUARY 25-27 th PADOVA: Final meeting of the Writing Group befor DS proposal submission to EU.

5. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 5 Eurisol Design Study Tasks TASKSLEADERE-MAIL INSTITUTE * NATURE OF WORK 1) Liquid Metal Target/Ion SourceH. Ravn/U. Koester Friedrich.Groeschel@psi.ch CERN-PHPW - PRO - E 2) Direct Target / Ion-SourceJ. Lettry Jacques.Lettry@cern.ch CERN-ABPW - PRO - E 3) Solid Converter Target / Ion–SourceL. Tecchio Luigi.tecchio@lnl.infn.it INFNPW - PRO – E 4) Safety & RadioprotectionD. Ridikas ridikas@cea.fr CEA SACLAYPW 5) Heavy-Ion Accelerator DesignM-H. Moscatello moscatello@ganil.fr GANILPW -PRO 6) Proton Accelerator DesignA. Facco alberto.facco@lnl.infn.it INFNPW - PRO 7) SC Cavity DevelopmentS. Bousson bousson@ipno.in2p3.fr IPNOPW –PRO 8) Beam PreparationA. Jokinen ari.s.jokinen@phys.jyu.fi JYFLPW - PRO - E 9) Physics and InstrumentationR. Page rdp@ns.ph.liv.ac.uk U LIVERPOOLPW - PRO 10) Beam Intensity CalculationsK.H. Schmidt k.h.schmidt@gsi.de GSIPW – E 11) Beta Beams AspectsM. Benedikt Michael.Benedikt@cern.ch CERN-ABPW 12) Global Coherence and Layout TO BE DEFINED * PW=Paperwork PRO=Prototype E =Experiment

6. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 6 List of Participants PARTICIPANTS PERSON IN CHARGE 1 GANIL (F) D. GOUTTE 2 IN2P3 (F) D. GUERREAU 3 INFN-LNL (I) G. FORTUNA 4 INFN-LNS (I) E. MIGNECO 5 INFN (I) G. RICCO 6 CERN M. LINDROOS 7 UNIV.UPPSALA (S) C. EKSTROM 8 CEA (F) N. ALAMANOS 9 UNIV. FRANKFURT (G) ? 10 NIPNE (RO) D. BUCURESCU 11 JYVASKYLA (FI) R. JULIN 12 UNIV.MUECHEN (G) AUMULLER PARTICIPANTS PERSON IN CHARGE 13 FZ JULICH (G) D. GRZONKA 14 UNIV. MAINZ (G) C. SPATH 15 IOP (LI) ? 16 UNIV. WARSAW (PL) W.MACIEJEJEWSKI 17 IOP (SK) E. BETAK 18 UNIV. SURREY (UK) LILIARD 19 UNIV. LIVERPOOL (UK) R. D. PAGE 20 GSI (G) W. HENNING 21 USDC (E) G.R. GAYOSO 22 CCLRC RAL (UK) D. WARNER 23 PSI (CH) W. FISCHER 24 UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF GENEVE ?

7. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 7 Preliminary Writing Group Suggestion: Cost (k€) Task Coordinator Requested by the Task Leaders to EU Task 1: Liquid Metal Target/Ion Source H. Ravn (CERN) ? Task 2: Direct Target/Ion-Source J. Lettry (CERN) 800 Task 3: Solid Converter Target/Ion–Source L. B. Tecchio (INFN-LNL) 979 Task 5: Heavy-Ion Accelerator Design M. H. Moscatello (GANIL) 784 Task 6: Proton Accelerator Design A. Facco (INFN-LNL) 356 Task 7: SC Cavity Development S. Bousson (IPNO) 1257 Task 4: Safety & Radioprotection D. Ridikas (CEA-SACLAY) 696.5 Task 9: Physics and Instrumentation R. Page (LIVERPOOL) 500 Task 10: Beam Intensity Calculations K.H. Schmidt (GSI) 631 Task 8: Beam Preparation A. Jokinen (JYFL) 750 Task 11: Beta Beams Aspects M. Benedikt (CERN) 1034 Suggested by Task Leaders ―› TAR: 2400 (27%) ―› ACC: 2400 (27%) ―› ISS: 1700 (19.3%) ―› BBB: 1750 (19.9%) BBB: Beta Beam & Beam manipulation ACC: Accelerators ISS: Intensity, Science & Safety TAR: Targets

8. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 8 Beta Beam Concept Design Neutrino Source Decay Ring Ion production ISOL target & Ion source Proton Driver SPL Decay ring B  = 1500 Tm B = 5 T C = 7000 m L ss = 2500 m 6 He:  = 150 18 Ne:  = 60 SPS Acceleration to medium energy Bunching ring and RCS PS Acceleration to final energy PS & SPS Experiment Ion acceleration Linac Beam preparation ECR pulsed AIM: provide beams of electron (anti) neutrinos by decay of beta active ions.

9. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 9 Task: Beta Beam Aspects Neutrino Source Decay Ring Ion production ISOL target & Ion source Proton Driver SPL Decay ring Br = 1500 Tm B = 5 T C = 7000 m L ss = 2500 m 6 He:  = 150 18 Ne:  = 60 SPS Acceleration to medium energy Bunching ring and RCS PS Acceleration to final energy PS & SPS Experiment Ion acceleration Linac Beam preparation ECR pulsed Starts at exit of heavy ion LINAC (~100 MeV/u) to Decay Ring (~100 GeV/u).

10. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 10 Strongly linked Tasks 1)High power proton driver  TASK: Proton Accelerator. 5 MW – 5mA CW superconducting proton linac. 2)Ion production (Ne)  TASK: Direct Target & Ion Source. 100 kW target station. 3)Ion production (He)  TASK: Solid Converter-Target/Ion Source. 100 kW target station. 4)Pulsed ECR source  TASK: Beam Preparation. 60 GHz pulsed source to give time structure. 5)Ion acceleration  TASK: Heavy Ion Accelerator. Acceleration to ~100 MeV/u 6)Radiation aspects  TASK: Safety & Radioprotection. General radioprotection aspects, does not include collimation system(s). 7)Physics case  TASK: Physics & Instrumentation. Low energy Beta Beam physics case and potential use of (parts of) beta beam complex for nuclear physics. Base line and high energy Beta Beam physics cases are not included in any task!

11. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 11 The Beta-Beam Task: Boundary Conditions Beta Beam task starts at exit of the EURISOL post accelerator. Comprises the design of the complete accelerator chain up to the decay ring. Assumed starting conditions – incoming ion beam: Fully stripped beam (6He or 18Ne) with several 10  s pulse length. Beam energy of around 100 MeV/u. Repetition rate around 15 Hz during ~1 second No beam during following 8 seconds (total cycling time 8 - 10 s). What are we aiming at in the Decay Ring: Very few, very intense bunches, as short as possible (4 bunches,<10 ns) Stacking of the “fresh” ions with the already circulating bunches.

12. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 12 Proposed Beta-Beam Sub-Tasks The present base line scenario features a three stage accelerator chain: - One or more low energy machines for bunching of the (long) beam and fast acceleration to higher energies to increase lifetime. -The existing PS and SPS machines for further acceleration to the required top energies. - A high energy Decay Ring to accumulate the ions and to act as neutrino source. This suggests to define the sub-tasks in the way the accelerator chain is structured: ST 1: Design of the low energy ring(s). ST 2: Ion acceleration scenarios in PS/SPS and required upgrades of the existing machines including new designs to eventually replace PS and/or SPS. ST 3: Design of the high energy Decay Ring. One more sub task is proposed to review and clearly define of the base line scenario as starting point for the machine design sub tasks; to continuously follow up the accelerator complex development with close contacts to other EURISOL tasks and also to the neutrino physics community. ST 0: Base line design and evolution of the Beta Beam accelerator complex.

13. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 13 ST 0: Base line design and Evolution of Accelerator Complex Major Activities Review and confirmation of the beta beam base line design as starting point. Close contacts to the neutrino physics community to guide the accelerator complex design according to requirements and evolution of the physics case. Ensure the link to other related EURISOL tasks to clearly define the needs, expectations and “hand over” points. Act as “parameter” and steering group for the other beta beam sub tasks. Specific Aspects General (theoretical) accelerator physics issues. Strategic design choices. Relations to outside. Goal Steering and follow up of the Beta Beam accelerator complex design. Time aspects / manpower estimate During the complete duration of the design study (48 months). Members from all institutes participating in the Beta Beam task. Manpower requirement: 4 – 5 man-years.

14. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 14 ST 1: Design of low energy ring(s) Major Activities Optics design with beam dynamic simulations for low energy ring(s). First technical designs demonstrating the feasibility of critical hardware. Specific Aspects Accumulation of relatively long linac beam (multi turn injection, etc.) Aspects related to fast acceleration (RCS?) magnets, power converters, RF, etc. Machine protection and collimation issues. Goal Conceptual design of low energy ring(s) demonstrating basic feasibility. Identification of critical hardware issues to be addressed in further studies (FP 7). First order cost estimate. Time aspects / manpower estimate Starts after three months with total duration of 36 months. Participants: CCLRC RAL, CERN, IN2P3, Univ. Uppsala, TRIUMF (Ca). Manpower requirement: 10 man-years (theoretical design ~6 and technical ~4)

15. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 15 ST 2: Acceleration in PS and SPS Upgrades and new Designs Major Activities Beam dynamic simulations for ion acceleration in PS/SPS. Estimation of effect of large beam losses (PS) and possible solutions. First technical designs demonstrating the feasibility of critical hardware. Optics design and beam dynamic simulations for new machines. Specific Aspects High intensity ion operation in PS/SPS (space charge issues, etc., cf. LHC ions) Machine protection and collimation issues (existing machines). Goal Proof the feasibility of Beta Beam acceleration in PS and SPS. First technical design of required upgrades and critical components. Conceptual design of medium/high energy machine(s) to replace PS and/or SPS. Identification of critical hardware issues to be addressed in further studies (FP 7). First order cost estimate. Time aspects / manpower estimate Starts after three months with total duration of 36 months. Participants: CCLRC RAL, CERN, GSI, FNAL (USA). Manpower requirement: 12 man-years (theoretical design ~8 and technical ~4)

16. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 16 ST 3: Design of Decay Ring Major Activities Optics design with beam dynamic simulations for the ion Decay Ring. First technical designs demonstrating the feasibility of critical hardware. Specific Aspects Highest intensity ion operation (space charge issues, etc.) Injection, accumulation and stacking of ions at high energy. Machine protection and collimation issues. Superconducting magnets in high radiation environment Goal Conceptual design of the ion Decay Ring. Identification of critical hardware issues to be addressed in further studies (FP 7). First order cost estimate. Time aspects / manpower estimate Starts after three months with total duration of 36 months. Participants: CEA, CERN. Manpower requirement: 12 man-years (theoretical design ~7 and technical ~5).

17. CERN, 18 th Feb. 2004EURISOL - Beta Beam Design StudyM. Benedikt 17 Conclusions Beta-Beam Task is well integrated in the EURISOL DS. Strong synergies between Beta Beam and several other EURISOL tasks. Base line and high energy physics case not covered within EURISOL DS. Total integrated man-power foreseen for the Beta Beam task is 38 man-years out of which 13 are requested from the EU. Total cost:3.176 k € with 1.009 k€ requested from EU.