1. Surveying for Architectural Engineers Introduction

2. The instructor The team. The syllabus Lab sections: – locations and times. –Organization. Assignments and late work policy. Exams

3. Surveying Definition: surveying is the science art and technology of determining the relative positions of points above, on, or beneath the earth’s surface. Why surveying for arch. Engineers: Locating objects to produce maps and drawings for design Setting-out of objects for execution, such as in construction surveying or landscaping.

4. History of surveying: earliest recorded documents suggest that surveying began in Egypt thousands of years ago a the era of Sesostrs about 1400 BC for taxation purposes.

5. Aswan Eratosthenes, 220 BC, measured the distance S knowing the speed of camel caravans and measuring the time. He then estimated the angle (α) from the length of the shadow of a vertical mast at the same time when the sun illuminated the bottom of a deep well in Aswan, same time in two summers. The extension of the vertical mast will pass by the center of the earth. Determining the Dimensions of the Earth

6. . Types of Surveying Surveying can be classified in many ways. 1- According to the method of measurement: –Ground, Hydrographic, aerial, or satellite surveys (GPS?) 2- According to the consideration of the curvature of the earth: –Geodetic & plane. The error for not considering the curvature of the earth is about 0.6 cm in 8.25 km. Accuracy considerations THIS COURSE WILL COVER BASICS OF PLANE SURVEYING.

7. Present and future: technological advances and application: GPS, LIDAR, softcopy Phtogrammetry, remote sensing and high resolution satellite images, and GIS. Examples of surveying products: Maps: different types for different purposes, construction drawings can be considered maps. They show features, they coordinates, elevations, and more. Geo-referenced images, can be corrected to serve as maps. Digital terrain models 3-D models

8. Topographic map of a site in preparation for architectural design

10. 3-D Representation of topographic mapping

12. Digital Surface Model

15. GIS

17. GPS

20. LIDAR

24. Photogrammetry