1. Chapter 1
Biology and You

2. Characteristics of Living Organisms
Biology is the study of life.
All living organisms share certain general properties that separate them from nonliving things.
Properties of Life
Cellular organization
Reproduction
Metabolism
Homeostasis
Heredity
Responsiveness
Growth and development

3. Branches of Biological Science
Types of Biological Science Clip
Botany
Zoology
Ecology

4. Themes of Biology Cellular Structure and Function Reproduction
As you study biology you will repeatedly encounter the following seven themes.
Cellular Structure and Function
Reproduction
Metabolism
Homeostasis
Heredity
Evolution
Interdependence

5. Cellular Structure and function
All organisms are made of cells
Cells are the smallest unit of life
Organisms can have one cell or more than one cell

6. Reproduction All living things can reproduce
Maintains the populations size
Needed for survival of the species

7. Metabolism Metabolism - Sum of all chemical reactions
Includes ways to obtain and use energy
Digestion

8. Homeostasis
Homeostasis – maintaining stable internal conditions regardless of external environment
Internal environment vs. external environment
Desert and tundra life

9. Heredity Passing on traits / genes to the next generation
Parent  offspring
Gene – basic unit of heredity

10. Evolution
Small changes to a population over large periods of time

11. Interdependence Interactions between different species
Beneficial or harmful

12. Section 3: Scientific Processes
Observation is the act of noting or perceiving objects or events using the senses.
Scientific investigations begin with observations.
Observations cause scientists to ask questions about their observations.

13. Stages of Scientific Investigation
Scientific investigations tend to have common stages.
These stages are called the Scientific Method.
There is more than one way to conduct an
investigation.
Scientific Methods or Scientific Processes are more accurate terms for the stages of scientific investigation.

14. Scientific Method Includes the following steps:
Collecting Observations
Asking Questions
Forming a Hypotheses and making Predictions
Hypotheses – educated guess
Prediction – expected outcome of a test
Confirming Predictions
Experiment – planned procedure to test hypothesis
Drawing Conclusions

15. Pieces of an Experiment
Control Group – group that does not change
Experimental Group – group that changes in 1 way
Independent Variable – factor that is changed
Dependent Variable – factor that is measured
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable

16. Scientific Explanations
Theory – Set of related hypothesis that have been tested many times by many scientists