1. Power Plant Construction and QA/QC Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls Engineering Technology Division

2. 2 Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls Overview Air Quality Laws Required Cleaner Exhausts Clean Air Act - 1972 Standards for Power Plant Air Pollution - 2011 Precipitators Remove Fly Ash Chemical / Gas Conditioning Enhancements Continue to Remove Particulate

3. 3 Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls Electrostatic Precipitators 1.Ionize Gas 2.Charged Ions Attach to Ash 3.Ash Goes to Grounded Plates 4.Ash Falls to Collection Hoppers + - +

4. 4 Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls Electrostatic Precipitators Electrical Cost Collection System Disposal Cost Fly Ash Resistivity Temperature Chemistry Ash Buildup

5. 5 Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls Flue-Gas Conditioning Regulations Requirements Deadlines Gas Chemistry Costs Upgrade Condition New

6. 6 Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls Flue-Gas Conditioning – Sulfur Addition

7. 7 Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls Flue-Gas Conditioning – Ammonia Addition

8. 8 Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls Fluidized Bed Boilers

9. 9 Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls NO x Controls – Injection Burner Efficiency and Ammonia Addition Reduce NO x

10. 10 Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls Flue Gas Treatment

11. 11 Questions? Section 9.2 – Air Emission Controls