1. Using Reality Therapy

2. Basic Needs Belonging or Love Power Fun Freedom

3. Principles of Picture Album 1 – Human beings are motivated to fulfill needs and wants. Human needs are common to all people. Wants are unique to each individual 2 – The difference )frustration) between what human beings want and what they perceive they are getting from their environment produces specific behaviors

4. Principles of Picture Album 3 – Human behavior – composed of doing, thinking, feeling and physiological behaviors – is purposeful; that is, it is designed to close the gap between what the person wants and what the person perceives he or she is getting. 4 – Doing, thinking, and feeling are inseparable aspects of behavior and are generated from within, most of them are choices

5. Principles of Picture Album 5 – Human beings see the world through perceptions. There are two general levels of perception; Low and High. The low level of perception implies knowledge of events or situations. A high level of perception gives values to those events or situations.

6. Reality Therapy guidelines Always be  Courteous  Determined  Enthusiastic  Firm  Genuine Suspend judgement Do the unexpected

7. Reality Therapy guidelines Use humor Be yourself Share yourself Listen for metaphors Listen for themes Use summaries and focus Allow or impose consequences Allow silence Be ethical

8. Things to avoid Don’t accept excuses Don’t punish, criticize or argue, allow consequences Don’t give up easily

9. Other guidelines Consultation Follow-up Continuing education

10. Procedures of exploring “What do you want?” “What do you Really want?” “What do you think people want from you?” “How do you look at it?” Tell them what you have to offer, what you want from them, how you look at the situation Get a commitment to counseling

11. Procedures of exploring total behavior “What are you doing?”  What - specific  Are – current  You – client  Doing – total behaviors

12. Evaluations – Value Judgements “Is your behavior helping or hurting you?” “Is what you’re doing helping you get what you want?” “Is what you’re doing against the rules?” “Is what you’re doing realistic or attainable?” “Does it help you to look at it that way?” “How committed are you to the process of therapy and to changing your life” – will that level work to your advantage? “Is it a helpful plan?”

13. Levels of Committment 1 – I don’t want to be here – I was forced 2 – I want the pleasure resulting from change, but I don’t want to make the effort 3 – I’ll try 4 – I’ll do my best 5 – I’ll do whatever it takes

14. A Positive Plan Need Fulfilling Simple Realistic and Attainable “Something to DO, not Stop doing” Dependent on the Doer Specific

15. A Positive Plan Repetitive  Choose to approach others first  Choose to achieve something  Choose to have fun  Choose to act independently Immediate Realistic Process Centered Evaluated Firm Reinforced

16. Paradoxical Techniques Learning reality Therapy  Easy to understand – difficult to practice Fulfillment of Needs  Cannot fill directly – only through album Conflict in Need Fulfillment  Conflict with one another Behavioral System  Focus on Doing, more aware of thinking, feeling  Don’t talk about feelings – deal with them

17. Paradoxical Techniques Process of Reality Therapy  Attacking one issue on several fronts  Cause of problem can be the effect Types  Reframing – re-labeling and redefining Ask what they are choosing to do Negative symptom seen as a positive  Prescriptions Scheduling a symptom Restraining a behavior – can fail in efforts to overcome Prescribing a Relapse

18. When not to use Paradoxes Person feeling little involvement with the therapist Sociopath Paranoia When there is acute stress With families – need additional training in family systems  With much chaos/confusion  Immature/hostile adult members  Projection onto others