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Published byCarmella Farmer Modified over 9 years ago
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All Metamorphic Rock starts off as Igneous or Sedimentary Rock Geologists are always interested in what kind of rock a metamorphic rock used to be. However, if extreme deformation has occurred, this can be quite difficult.
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Heat and Pressure As you go deeper into the earth, it becomes HOTTER and HOTTER As you go deeper into the earth, there is more and more PRESSURE because there is more rock above you.
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Heat and Pressure Heat makes rock more MALLEABLE (more bendy) Pressure DEFORMS rock by compacting it, stretching it, or twisting it. Together HEAT and PRESSURE change the composition of the old rock Remember: Metamorphic rock never melted (or else it would be igneous)
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Foliation Foliation occurs when a rock is squeezed and shortened by extreme pressure to form bands and layers However, foliation does not always happen. There are both foliated and non- foliated metamorphic rocks
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Two types of Metamorphism Regional When metamorphism happens to an extensive (big) REGION of rock This can happen when two masses of rock collide, or when rock is pushed deep underground
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Two types of Metamorphism Contact Contact Metamorphism happens when rock comes in CONTACT with hot magma (but does not melt itself). This can happen at the surface or underground and only happens to a small amount of rock
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Where are metamorphic rocks found? Metamorphic rocks can be created out of any type of rock and are thus very hard to classify. However, because metamorphosis is caused by extreme HEAT and PRESSURE, metamorphic rocks are usually found where something extreme has happened (like volcanic activity or two plates colliding)
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Some examples… Before: GraniteAfter: Gneiss
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Some examples… Before: ShaleAfter: Slate
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Some examples… Before: LimestoneAfter: Marble
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Metamorphic Rock… Is created out of old rock by heat and pressure Doesn’t melt (or else it would be igneous rock) Is often foliated/deformed by extreme pressure Formed by regional or contact metamorphism
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