1. Chapter #10 Digestio n

2. Chapter 10.1 Notes The digestive system is a group of organs that take in food and change it into a form the body can use.

3. Digestion is the changing of food into a usable form. Physical change occurs when large food is broken down into little pieces. Chewing, grinding. Chemical change turns food into a form that cells can use called molecules. Enzymes are chemicals that speed up the rate of chemical changes. Starch changes to glucose by a chemical change.

4. Chapter 10.2 Notes Water, vitamins, and mineral can move directly from your digestive system into your body cells without being changed. Fats, proteins, and carbohydrates must be acted upon by enzymes to be digested. Saliva is a liquid that is formed in the mouth and that contain enzymes that breakdown carbohydrate. Salivary Glands are 3 pairs of small glands located under the tongue and behind the jaw.

5. Mouth 1 minute physical change to food and enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates. Esophagus 1 minute Stomach 4 hours makes enzymes and HCl Hydrochloric acid break down protein. Small intestine 12 hours where most of digestion takes place. Villi fingerlike parts on the lining of the sm. Intestine. Pancreas makes 3 different enzymes to breakdown fat, protein, and carbohydrates. Liver the largest organ in the body makes bile. Bile is a green liquid that breaks down fat (Physical Change). Gallbladder is a small baglike organ that stores bile located under the liver. Food does NOT pass through these organs

6. Large Intestine 5 hours main job is to remove water from digested food. Anus where solid waste leaves the body. Appendix is a small fingerlike part found where the small and large intestine meet. Does not effect digestion.

7. Digestive system is about 5 times as long as your body (900 cm) Diffusion is how food gets into the blood. Animals that eat plants have longer digestive systems than meat eaters. Simple animals only have 1 opening in the digestive system (hydra, jellyfish, planarian) Tapeworms have no digestive system.

8. Ulcer stomach lining being digested Mucus is a thick, sticky material that protects the stomach and intestinal lining from enzymes and HCl. Heartburn caused by stomach acids moving into the esophagus.

9. “The stomach”. January 26, 2007. http://wappingersschools.org/RCK/staff/tea cherhp/johnson/visualvocab/stomach%5B 1%5D.jpg http://wappingersschools.org/RCK/staff/tea cherhp/johnson/visualvocab/stomach%5B 1%5D.jpg “The Digestive System”. January 26, 2007. http://www.teachnet.ie/farmnet/images/Dig est3.gif http://www.teachnet.ie/farmnet/images/Dig est3.gif “Heartburn”. January 29, 2007. http://www.webmd.com/NR/rdonlyres/16E 42462-463A-44A2-B2D1- 7D5AC35CF6E0.jpg http://www.webmd.com/NR/rdonlyres/16E 42462-463A-44A2-B2D1- 7D5AC35CF6E0.jpg