1. Hong Kong

2. Hong Kong- background A Very Compact City
- A Special Administrative Region of China
- “One Country, two system”
- Area : 1,104 km-sq;
Paris metro km-sq in total
- Population : About 7mil ;
Paris: 10 mil including Metropolitan Area
A Very Compact City

3. Hong Kong- background (cont’d)
- Developed region in China
- Economic: Financial hub, high GDP(PPP) per capita :7th
- Shops, Restaurants , Civic Infrastructure
- eg Complete Public Transit Network
(MTR, Taxi, Bus, TRAM, etc…)
An illusion, economic development, structural /materialistic

4. Hidden Problems
Huge and widening wealth Gap
Housing
Living Standard

5. Inequality in Wealth distribution
GC is defined by referring to the Lorenz Curve (obtained by plotting the cumulative percentages of household income against the cumulative percentages of number of
households). Its value ranges from 0 to 1, and is equal to (i) the areas between the Lorenz Curve and the line of equality divided by (ii) the total area under the line of
equality. The higher the GC, the more the disparity it implies,
>0.4 , implies there is inequality
Civic Exchange: “Despite having strong economic growth for many years and accumulating substantial wealth, Hong Kong’s economy has certain interesting characteristics when examined against OECD experience. Hong Kong’s Gini coefficient is close to Mexico, the poorest and most unequal OECD country. Hong Kong also fares worse than many Asian countries, which are much less developed and considerably poorer
Source:

6. High Population Density
8.94 /1000ppl france
Wikipedia

7. Population Density Vs France 8.94 sq-km
4.21 Oxfam Hong Kong interviewed a total of 501 low-income
families not receiving Comprehensive Social Security Assistance from
August to October Most of the respondents were on the waiting
list for PRH.13 The survey also found that the median rent-to-income
ratio was 30.1% for the respondents, which was higher than that of
overall private housing tenants at 24.3%. Despite paying high rent,
private housing tenants' living density per person was inversely high.
According to the survey, 68.3% of the respondents were now living in
cubicles, bedspaces or subdivided flats. The median living space per
person was about 45 sq ft, below the minimum living space standard of
59 sq ft per person according to the Hong Kong Housing Authority.

8. Affordability problem
Ratio of
Official data from Rating and Valuating department:

9. Affordability problem
Price/Income
Source: ;

10. Affordability problem
Housing far exceeds the average purchasing power of the general public
Most cannot afford the to buy a property
Cannot afford the initial deposit/
High burden from the installment payment
Can hardly rent a place in reasonable price range High demand on subsidized housings from the government
Ratio of

11. Lack of proper supply Low Availability of affordable Housing
The Overheat property Market due to speculating activities
Developers seems to position their product as luxury price
The growth rate of housing (due to land shortage)<growth of population ,
Including the Public Rental Housings(PRH) for the Grassroots,
ON AVERAGE, a applicant have to wait 2.5 years before his/her grant a PRH. It properly will take longer

12. << Supply Problem Supply Demand Waiting Time : 2.5 yr (2010)
Private sector
-Mainly Luxury
-Low new affordable housing
Waiting Time : 2.5 yr (2010)
Government HKHA
-Subsidized Home Ownership
-Public Rental Housing
--Housing for Elderly People
2.5 year
Find supply data

13. http://www.cou4.com/subdivided-flat-rent/, in 2010
rooftop housing
Cage-House
Cubicle apartment
Sub-divided FLats
<$7000
in 2010

14. 170,000 Sub-divided Unit Inhabitants
- Flat divided into small units ILLEGALLY
- around 3.72 sq-m
- Temperature
- Safety
2013 : More than
170,000
Inhabitants

15. Further/ rooted problem Developer Hegemony
- A book Land and the Ruling Class in Hong Kong (Second Edition)
- When developers dominates in different markets
Supermarket , Utility , Mobile , Restaurants, mobile network, …
 Ruling Class of HK, by
Controlling all the choices & eliminate competitions
 Lower Social mobility (Widening gap between “Clasess”)
 Income inequality
continue to deprive wealth from the labors,
* Working class v. the bourgeois in an extreme case

16. Discussion -Possible solutions ?
Divide properties into 2 categories– investment/ resident
Welfare system / Subsided housing supply from the government
Migrating system
Lobby with the Banking sector/
-Is the widening wealth gap inevitable or a centralized power like the developer hegemony inevitable under the market operation?
If yes, What is the solution for ?