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Rocks & The Rock Cycle
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Notes The Rock Cycle Notes - Advanced Write the definition of a rock: Rocks - A solid, naturally occurring mineral or mineral-like substance.
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Read me: Rocks vs Minerals ROCKS ◦ SOLID MIXTURE OF MINERALS ◦ MAY BE ORGANIC ◦ Forms naturally MINERALS ◦ NATURALLY FORMED OF ELEMENTS OR COMPOUNDS ◦ INORGANIC SOLID ◦ HAVE CRYSTALS ◦ NOT MADE OF ROCKS ◦ HAS A DEFINITE CHEMICAL MAKEUP
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Rocks vs Minerals MINERALS ARE CLASSIFIED BY ◦ CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
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Rocks vs Minerals ROCKS ARE -CLASSIFIED BY HOW THEY ARE FORMED EACH TYPE OF ROCK IDENTIFIED BY -COMPOSITION= what minerals the rock is made of. -TEXTURE=sizes, shapes and positions of grains in the rocks
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What rocks are made of… THE COMPOSITION OF ROCKS IS DETERMINED -BY THE KIND OF MINERALS & -THE AMOUNT MINERALS THAT MAKE IT UP
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TYPES OF ROCKS TYPES OF ROCKS: 1.) IGNEOUS ◦ SEDIMENTARY ◦ METAMORPHIC
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FORMED WHEN MAGMA or LAVA COOLS AND HARDENS (SOLIDIFIES) 2 TYPES 1. INTRUSIVE: inside earthINTRUSIVE MAGMA COOLS SLOWLY BENEATH EARTH’S SURFACE LARGER CRYSTALS COARSE GRAINED (TEXTURE) 2. EXTRUSIVE2. EXTRUSIVE: outside earth’s surface LAVA COOLS QUICKLY ON THE SURFACE SMALLER CRYSTALS FINE GRAINED (TEXTURE)
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Key Words: ALL TYPES OF ROCKS CAN BE CHANGED INTO IGNEOUS ROCK BY MELTING & COOLING OF ANY ROCK
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Examples: Obsidian, Granite KEY WORDS MELTING and COOLING
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2. Sedimentary Rocks- FORMED WHEN ROCKS ARE WEATHERED AND ERODED,WEATHERED AND ERODED (Then) SEDIMENTS get COMPACTed AND CEMENTed into SOLID ROCKs
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3 TYPES of Sedimentary rocks: A. ORGANIC: FOSSILIZED REMAINS OF PLANTS OR ANIMALS B. CLASTICB. CLASTIC: FRAGMENTS OF OTHER ROCK ARE COMPACTED TOGETHER C. CHEMICAL: SEDIMENTS ARE “GLUED” TOGETHER BY DISSOLVED MINERALS (write in space at bottom)-TEXTURE IS DETERMINED BY THE SIZE OF PARTICLES OF SEDIMENT
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ALL TYPES OF ROCKS CAN BE CHANGED INTO SEDIMENTARY ROCK BY -WEATHERING, EROSION, & SEDIMENTS COMPACTING & CEMENTING TOGETHER
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Sedimentary Rocks KEY WORDS WEATHERING and EROSION COMPACTING and CEMENTING
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Examples of Sedimentary rocks SANDSTONE LIMESTONE COAL CONGLOMERATE
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3.METAMORPHIC FORMED WHEN EXISTING ROCK IS CHANGED INTO NEW ROCK BY THE HEATING OF THE ROCK AND PRESSURE FROM OTHER ROCKS AROUND IT. 2 TYPES of Metamorphic: A. FOLIATEDA. FOLIATED: CRYSTALS ALIGNED IN LAYERS B. NON-FOLIATED: CRYSTALS ARRANGED IN RANDOM MANNER
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ALL TYPES OF ROCKS CAN BE CHANGED INTO METAMORPHIC ROCK BY HEAT AND PRESSURE
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HEAT and PRESSURE KEY WORDS
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Examples of metamorphic rocks Soap stone Gniess
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Rock Cycle
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THE ROCK CYCLE One of the cycles of nature that continually recycles rocks & materials that make up Earth’s crust siltstone slate gneiss limestone marble shale
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ROCK CYCLE There are many different paths a rock may follow to go through the process of changing from one type of rock to another
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THE ROCK CYCLE Slate (m) Gneiss (m) Schist (m) Phyllite (m) Shale (s) Siltstone (s)
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THE ROCK CYCLE Quartzite (m) Sandstone (s) Granite (i)
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The color of rocks may be different because of the minerals or other substances that make it up. Breccia Sedimentary Gneiss Metamorphic Quartzite Metamorphic Granite Igneous
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1. Extrusive Igneous http://www.kitsch.net/lavawalker/ 2. Intrusive igneous http://nature.berkeley.edu/classes/eps2/wisc/Lect3.html 3. Sedimentary scroll down for diagrams http://www.theapproachinghour.com/earth/earth/the_layers_and_the_internal_struc ture_of_earth.asp http://www.theapproachinghour.com/earth/earth/the_layers_and_the_internal_struc ture_of_earth.asp 4. http://en.m.wikibooks.org/wiki/High_School_Earth_Science/Sedimentary_Rocks Sandstone 5. Organic...why coal is cool http://geology.com/articles/coal-through-a-microscope.shtml 6. Metamorphic rock formation http://www.docbrown.info/page21/GeoChangesANS06.htm http://elearning.stkc.go.th/lms/html/earth_science/LOcanada2/207/1_en.htm
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