1. DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis

2. In eukaryotes, genetic information is stored in which organelle? nucleus

3. The shape of DNA is a? double helix

4. What is happening in the picture below? DNA replication

5. The building blocks for nucleic acids are? nucleotides

6. All DNA mutations are harmful. True or False? False

7. The process of taking DNA information and making proteins is called? Protein synthesis

8. What is translation? Process of decoding mRNA in order to make a protein

9. The part labeled A is called (a)? Nitrogen base

10. What is a Codon? Group of three nucleotide bases in mRNA that specifies an amino acid

11. What is mRNA? Messenger RNA molecules that carry instructions for assembling proteins

12. The three parts of a nucleotide are? Sugar, phosphate and nitrogen base

13. Which nitrogen base is in RNA but not in DNA? Uricil

14. The picture labeled A below is (a/an)? Amino acid A

15. What is transcription? Process in which RNA molecules are made/copied using DNA

16. The picture below is (a)? RNA

17. What is rRNA? Ribosomal RNA molecules that make up ribosomes, on which proteins are assembled

18. The building blocks for proteins are? Amino acids

19. The organelle where proteins are assembled is? ribosome

20. What is tRNA? Transfer RNA molecule that brings amino acids to the ribosomes

21. What is the mRNA if the complementary DNA is TCTGAG? AGACUC

22. The shape of RNA is (a)? single helix (strand)

23. The “start” amino acid is? methionine

24. In RNA Adenine pairs with? Uricil

25. What is/are the product(s) of translation? protein

26. What role do stop codons play in protein synthesis? ? Indicate that the protein (polypeptide chain) is complete

27. Which type of RNA brings the information in the genetic code from the nucleus to other parts of the cell? mRNA

28. During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide depends on the ? codon on the mRNA and the anticodon on the tRNA

29. There are how many “stop” codons? three

30. How many nucleotide bases are there in 24 codons? 72