1. Finishing Viruses + Monera Virus: Infection and Immune Response

2. Viruses Living or Not Remember the 7 characteristics of living things: 1) Living things are organized (Hierarchy of levels) 2) Living things acquire materials and energy 3) Living things reproduce 4) Living things respond to stimuli 5) Living things are homeostatic 6) Living things grow and develop 7) Living things can adapt to their environment

3. Problem with Viruses as Living Outside a cell: Lifeless molecule. Cannot carry out any of the 7 life functions Inside a cell: It is able to reproduce (3. Living things reproduce) Where do Viruses fit: Between living and nonliving things

4. Human/Animal Defense First Line of Defence: physical barriers (always active) – Skin: Prevents invaders from entering body – Mucus: In lungs it traps invaders and debris

5. Body’s Defence First Line of Defence: physical barriers (always active) – Skin: Prevents invaders from entering body – Mucus: In lungs it traps invaders and debris – Cilia: Small hairs that sweep debris up and out of the respiratory pathway – Stomach acid: Provides a toxic environment that kills invaders

6. Body’s Defence First Line of Defence: physical barriers (always active) – Skin: Prevents invaders from entering body – Mucus: In lungs it traps invaders and debris – Cilia: Small hairs that sweep debris up and out of the respiratory pathway – Stomach acid: Provides a toxic environment that kills invaders – Tears: Contains lysozyme, an enzyme that destroys bacterial cell walls

7. Body’s Defence Second Line of Defence Circulatory System (fast response) – Leukocytes: Engulfs invader it releases an enzyme that destroys the invader and itself

8. Body’s Defence Second Line of Defence Circulatory System (fast response) – Leukocytes: Engulfs invader it releases an enzyme that destroys the invader and itself – Complementary Proteins: Proteins always present in the circulatory system that are usually in an inactive form. They are activated by antigens (Foreign marker proteins : Spikes)

9. Body’s Defence Third Line of Defence Antibodies (Slow response, long term) – Lymphocytes (White blood cell): Produce antibodies that attach to specific antigens (Markers or spikes) This allows the immune system’s white blood cells to identify and destroy them

10. Vaccines and Immunity Vaccine: A dead, weak or inactive version of a virus or other infectious microbe that is introduced into the body. Immunity using Vaccine:

11. Vaccines and Immunity Vaccine: A dead, weak or inactive version of a virus or other infectious microbe that is introduced into the body. Immunity using Vaccine: Specialized white blood cells produce antibodies that attack the dead virus. This way the body will be protected when the real virus infects the body. The body has already made an antibody against it

12. Assignment Virus Research Project intro.