2. Fiscal Federalism Sabato 110-114 Fiscal Fed- Federal $ spent on programs run in part through state and local governments Texas A&M founded by $ from land grant Grants-in-aid-Federal cash. This spending has been increasing substantially. Made “the national gov. a major player in domestic policy” (Sabato 110). Matching funds usually required Used to promote national goals regarding race discrimination e.g.,75,000 more police officers

3. Categorical Grants-designated activity or specific purpose -school lunch programs Detailed conditions, sometimes matching Way to bribe states Great Society grants under LBJ-$ to local groups to bypass reluctant governors or mayors- caused tension

4. New Federalism Reagan-return power to states- Bill Clinton- “era of big government is over”. Block grants-less restrictive than categorical grants- general area $ must be spent, few strings attached so popular with states (Aid to state & local gov declining) Health care area & spent on hospital construction, medical equipment etc. More local decision making Health, income security, education, transportation

5. “Block grants are a perennial Republican favorite because they make federal programs politically easier to cut.” (Waxman 44) Why?

6. Devolution Revolution - new trend toward MORE state and local control. Republicans advocate this strategy Sabato 113 Unfunded mandate 1995- national gov. passes laws requiring states to act, but does not allocate $ Temporary Assistance for Needy Families TANF block grant-gave states more control, but set national guidelines US v Lopez 1995-struck down Federal handgun law that has prohibited possession of gun withn1,000 feet of school. Ruled that Congress had abused commerce clause Printz v US 1997-struck down Brady Bill regarding background checks Kimel v Florida Board of Regents 2000- since Const. doesn’t include age discrimination, states can create own policies

7. 2009 Stimulus package http://www.propublica.org/special/the- stimulus-plan-a-detailed-list-of-spending http://www.njsacc.org/wordpress/ http://www.rsmmcgladrey.com/pdf/us _economic_stimulus_package_benef it.pdf